212 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Table II Comparison of 1,4-Dioxane Concentrations in Cosmetics Determined by GC-SIM-MS and HPLC-UV (9) Concentration* (mg/kg) Sample GC-SIM-MS HPLC-UV Day cream n.d. n.d. Baby lotion 10.9 9.1 Shampoo 33.4 24.6 Hair lotion 108.4 92.8 Moisturizing lotion 3.7 n.d. Bath foam 41.4 35.7 * Mean value of three determinations. n.d., not detected. gives reason for particular concern. It should also be stressed that even when the 1,4-dioxane content is low, under appropriate conditions of cosmetic use, long-term application to skin is common. CONCLUSIONS A capillary GC method using selected-ion monitoring MS detection has been developed for the rapid (taking less than 40 min to perform) and specific determination of 1,4- dioxane in commercial cosmetics. The procedure is less laborious than others reported in the literature, as time-consuming steps including solvent partitions (6), heating (6,8), or extensive calibrations (7,8) are not required. Moreover, the use of multisample apparatus designed for solid-phase extraction cartridges enables eight isolation proce- dures to be performed simultaneously. In addition, the computer-controlled GC-mass selective detection system provides SIM-MS specificity at a fraction of the cost of larger MS apparatus and requires less operator training and experience. Because of the minimal sample preparation, ease of operation, accuracy, and precision, the proposed method is suitable for routine quality control analyses of finished cosmetic products. REFERENCES (1) G. Barker, "Surfactants for Cosmetic Macroemulsions: Properties and Applications," in Surfactants in Cosmetics, M. M. Rieger, Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1985), pp. 18-21. (2) P. Thau, "Surfactants for Skin Cleansers," in Surfactants in Cosmetics, M. M. Rieger, Ed. (Marcel Dekker, New York, 1985), pp. 354-355. (3) D. J. Worsfold and A.M. Eastham, Cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 79, 897-899 (1957). (4) B. A. Waldman, Analysis of 1,4-dioxane in ethoxylated compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using selected ion monitoring, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 33, 19-25 (1982). (5) S. Scalia, Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the assay of 1,4- dioxane in sulphated polyoxyethylene alcohol surfactants, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 8, 867-870 (1990). (6) D. B. Black, R. C. Lawrence, E. G. Lovering, and J. R. Watson, Gas-liquid chromatographic method for determining 1,4-dioxane in cosmetics, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 66, 180-183 (1983). (7) H. Beernaert, M. Herpol-Borremans, and F. De Cock, Determination of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetic products by headspace gas chromatography, Belg. J. Food Chem. Biotechnol., 42, 131-135 (1987).

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