30 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS chromatography and infrared or ultraviolet spectrometry. Trains of components complete simple repetitive analyses on large numbers of samples essentially unattended. All of the instruments mentioned herein are in use, in various combination and to varying degrees, in our industry. We are led to one sweeping conclusion. The entire spectrum of instrumenta- tion finds application in the cosmetic industry which, in turn, is making a vigorous contribution to instrumental techniques. ACKNOWLEDGMENT: The authors wish to thank Messrs. J. W. Jenkins, K. O. Kellenbach, E. M. Emery, L. Gildenberg and G. J. Suarez for their work on the illustrations cited in this paper. (Received June 1, 1961) REFERENCES (1) Kent, A. P., Colgate Research Report No. 1130, April 20, 1956. (2) Childs, R. F. and Parks, L. M., •t. vim. Pharm. vixxoc. Sci. Ed., 45, 313 (1956•. ALOPECIA AND CUTANEOUS ULCERATION IN RATS RESULTING FROM SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTIONS OF A SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENT, METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE By AMOS E. LIGHT* SrrI•rULATED Br the report of Cockrem (4) that methoxamine hydro- chloride (•-hydroxy-•-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-isopropylamine hydrochlo- ride) injected subcutaneously depressed the general growth of hair on mice, a series of tests using rats were o, mducted to determine the action of the sympathomimetic agent on tissue and hair growth in the area of the injection sites. Aqueous solutions and oil suspensions of the drug were compared in both male and female animals. The additional effects of sex hormones were also investigated. METHODS One per cent methoxamine hydrochloride in physiological saline solution was administered subcutaneously as the aqueous type of preparation while a 1 per cent suspension of the salt in peanut oil was used as the depot type of material. Control animals received 0.9 per cent saline solution or peanut oil alone. With aqueous solutions the animals were injected by means of a syringe equipped with a half-inch #27 gauge hypodermic needle with oil a #20 needle was used. A preliminary trial revealed that some fatalities * 49 Colonial Parkway, North Yonkers, N.Y.

ALOPECIA AND CUTANEOUS ULCERATION IN RATS 331 occurred after a single subcutaneous injection of 0.5 mi. of the saline solution of the methoxamine hydrochloride. Therefore, a more conservative amount of 0.25 mi. was used for the highest doses administered. The sites of injections were on the middle of the head just back of the eyes or on the right or left flanks over the hip joints. In all of the 22 tests five rats of the same sex were used in each group. Comparison was made of actions following single or triple daily injections of aqueous solutions in the head or flank regions of male and female rats. The influence of the number of days of injections was also tabulated. In order to ascertain the effect of sex hormones on the action of methoxamine a second series deter- mined the derreal responses after the rats had also been treated with sex hormones. Male rats received 100 •,/kg. of estradiol and the females 1000 •,/kg. of methyl testosterone daily, both hormones given intra- peritoneally in aqueous suspensions for a week before and during the methoxamine injections. A third series incorporated a depot effect by injecting suspensions of the methoxamine hydrochloride in peanut oil. Daily observations and measurements were made of the injection sites for several weeks following the tests periods. Ages and weights of the animals were recorded during the tests. RESULTS Within twenty minutes after receiving the drug all of the rhts exhibited the usual intense pilomotor response of hair erection over the body. This effect lasted for some two to three hours or longer depending on the dosage. In the males, after three to four daily injections of 0.25 ml. in the head area, hair was lost about the sites of injections in irregular areas of 1-2 cm., across. Either one or three injections per day (Groups 1 and 2, Table 1) produced denuded areas in this region which persisted for several weeks after treatment had stopped. Saline controls produced no effect. When other male rats were injected in the flank region three times per day for a five-day period (Group 3), irregular areas 2-4 cm. across became devoid of hair by the end of the injection period. Only one male rat receiving a single injection per day (Group 4) in this flank area developed loss of hair although the other four showed some thinning of fur in the immediate area of the injection sites. However, if the injections were continued once a day for ten days in either the head or flank regions (Groups 5 and 6) all rats developed hairless areas. One animal receiving injections in the scalp also acquired a small necrotic area with scab formation. Younger males likewise developed hairless and some necrotic areas in either head or flank regions (Groups 7 and 8) when even 0.1 ml. of solution was ad- ministered once a day for ten days. Triple injections daily (Group 9) did not seem to increase this effect. Saline alone again had no visible action.