474 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS cent in water none produced more that a transient redness or very slight effect on the conjunctiva. Some were essentially nonirritating to the eye. It is of particular importance to note the beneficial effects of washing eyes contaminated with surfactants. A comparison between washed and un• washed rabbit eyes is depicted by the bar-graphs in Tables 3 and 4 for con- centrations of 25 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively. It can be seen that none of the materials when diluted to 25 per cent would be expected to produce severe injury if a reasonable attempt were made to wash them from the eye and only one when diluted to 5 per cent would be likely to produco any corneal injury whatsoever. Benefits are limited where very slightl:d or slightly irritating materials are concerned as the washing operation mayl be as irritating as the materials themselves. A slight iritis is sometimes observed from eye contact with low concen4 trations of surfactants but is usually of little consequence. Appreciabld injury to the iris and lens frequently accompanies severe corneal injury, ini which case the latter is of primary concern due to the potential loss off vision. Skin Effecls Perhaps of greatest concern, incidental to the handling and use of sur-I factants, is the potential for producing skin irritation. Many such mate-: rials in common use are capable of producing rather severe skin reactions, I even chernical burns, under recommended use-conditions of relativelyl TABLE IV EFFECTS OF WASHING RABBIT EYES FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF SURFACTANTS 5 % IN WATER LAURIC DIETHANOL AMIDE DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE MAGNESIUM SALT DODECYL BENZENE SULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT SODIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE NONYLPHENOL ETHYLENE OXIDE ADDUCT (9-10 MOLES E.O.) SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER MONCHLORO SULFONATE SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE 25 0/, POLYVINYL OXAZOLIDINONE METHYLATED 8.) % LAURYL SULFATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT LAURYL IMIOAZOLINE DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE -- I ' I RATIO UNWASHED EYE WASHED WITHIN 30 SEC. AFTER APPLICATION CONJUNCTIVITIS CORNEAL INJUR•J V. SL SLIGHT MOD, I SEV• 4 INDEX

TOXICOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANTS TABLE V EFFECTS OF SURFACTANTS WHEN APPLIED TO THE RABBIT EAR 475 SURFACTANTS LAURIC DIETHANOL AMIDE SODIUM DIOCTYL SOLFOSUCClNATE SO0[UM LAURYL SULFATE SODIUM DODECYLATEO 01PHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE -- I:1 RATIO LAURYL SULFATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT LAURYL IMIOAZOLINE DOOECYL BENZENE $ULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT SOOIUM DODECYLATED OIPHENYL ETHER MONOCHLORO SULFONATE SODIUM OODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE SOOIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER OlSULFONATE 25 % POLYVINYL OXAZOLIDINE METHYLATED 8.3 % DODECYLATED DiPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE MAGNESIUM SALT NONYLPHENOL ETHYLENE OXIDE ADDUCT (9-10 MOLES E.O.) OODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DISULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT I% 5% 25% x iN WATER ERYTHEMA BURN V. SL. I SLIGHT MOO SEV. ,, 2 3 4 5 INDEX TABLE V I EFFECTS OF SURFACTANTS WHEN CONFINEO TO THE RABBIT BELLY SORFACTANTS LAURIC DIETHANOL AMIDE SOOIUM DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE SODIUM LAURYL SOLFATE SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER DtSULFONATE SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE LAURYL SULFATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT LAURYL IMIDAZOLINE DODECYL BENZENE SULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER MONOCHLORO SULFONATE SODIUM DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER D[SULFONATE SODIUM DOOEoeYLATEO DIPHENYL ETHER'DISULFONATE 25 POLYVINYL OXAZOLIDINONE METHYLATEO B 3 % DODECYLATED DIPHENYL ETHER D[SULFONATE MAGNESIUM SALT NONYLPHENOL ETHYLENE OXIDE ADOUCT ( 9-IO MOLES E.O.) OODECYLATEO DIPHENYL ETHER OlSULFONATE TRIETHANOLAMINE SALT i% 5% 25% IN WATER ERYTHEMA BURN V. SL. [ SLIGHT MOO. SEV. i 2 3 4 5 6 INDEX