72 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE skin surface morphology image obtained easily by a video microscope. For the numerical analysis of various characteristics of the skin surface morphology, three parameters were invented "the width of the skin furrows," ''the fineness of the skin ridges," and ''the size of the skin pores." The width of the skin furrows was calculated as mean width of the skin furrows. The fineness of the skin ridges was calculated as number of the skin ridges. The size of the skin pores was calculated as total area of skin pores. The analyzed parameters were compared with the clinical scores evaluated by trained experts, resulting in a high correlation (r = 0.54 to 0. 72). Upon the age related changes in the parameters described above, the number of the skin ridges decreased at around the age of 20, and the size of the skin pores became large with aging during the teens through 40's. In the analysis of seasonal changes, the ridge parameter was high in summer, and the furrow parameter was high in winter. Upon the relationship between the images (the skin surface patterns) and the skin physiological parameters, the skin with a low barrier function (high TEWL) or that with high sebum content gave a low density of the skin ridges. From these results it seems that the image analysis of skin surface morphology using a video microscope is quite useful for an easy and simple evaluation of skin condition. Evaluation of Effects of Hydroquinone on Pigmentation by Spectroscopy Image Analysis Masahiko Ohe•, Madoka lnui•, Akiko Kishioka""", Nozomi Yonei••, Yuki Yamamoto••, Fukumi Furukawa•• •Development Laboratory, Tokiwa Phannaceutical Co., Ltd, 6-13-1, Minatojimanakamachi, Kobe 650-8521, Japan ••Department of Iennatology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1, Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan Generally, depigmentation efficacy is evaluated by analyzing the L• value of skin to which the objective agent has been applied. However, in this method, slight inflammation and blood circulation affect the brightness, and then disturb the evaluation. So novel method that is able to quantitate melanin coloration accurately has been required. In this report, we modified the image-processing method that was devised by Takiwaki et al. Our method can evaluate pigmentation degree and area quantitatively. Using this method, we evaluated the availability of hydroquinone agent, which has high whitening effectiveness clinically in addition, we examined the validity of this method.

J. Cosmet. Sci.J 59, 73-75 CTanuary/February 2008) Abstracts International Journal of Cosmetic Science Vol. 29, No 5, 2007* Review Article: Nanostructure of the stratum comeum extracellular lipid matrix as observed by cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous skin sections L. Norlen Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (CMB), Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm and Dennatology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Lars Norlen, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology (CMB), Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Tel.: +46 8524 8758 fax: +46 831 3529 e-mail: Jars.norlen@ki.se In recent years, high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous skin sections has been used to visualize the formation and structure of the human stratum comeum extracellular lipid matrix. The aim of the present work was to summarize these findings. It is proposed that skin barrier formation does not take place as a 'lamellar body' fusion process, but as a lamellar 'unfolding' of a small lattice parameter lipid 'phase' with cubic-like symmetry with subsequent 'crystallization' and concomitant lamellar re­ organization of the extracellular lipid matrix. In vitro stability of triclosan in dentifrice under simulated use condition Z. Hao, B. Parker and M. Knapp Global Analytical Sciences Department, Technology Center, Colgate-Palmolive Company, 909 River Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08855, U.S.A. Zhigang Hao, Global Analytical Sciences Department, Technology Center, Colgate-Palmolive Company, 909 River Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08855, U.S.A. Tel.: +l 732 878 6218 fax: +1 732 878 6138. e-mail: Zhigang hao@colpal.com Triclosan has been fonnulated into a dentifrice at a 0.3% level to enhance the antibacterial function of the dentifrice, to improve oral health and to decrease the daily malodor inside the mouth cavity. The hypothesis that chlorofonn may be generated from triclosan when contacted with chlorinated drinking water has challenged our guarantee of safe use of triclosan in oral care products, especially in Colgate Total® toothpaste. Currently, there was no available analytical method to detect chloroform levels under the use conditions expected during daily tooth brushing. To fill this gap and to continue guaranteeing that our customers can safely use Colgate Total® toothpaste products, a gas chromatography-single ion monitoring­ mass spectrometry method for detecting chloroform in artificial saliva media has been developed. The limit of detection (LOO) and limit of quantitation are about 41 and 130 ppb, respectively. This LOO level is lower than the current Environmental Protection Agency trihalomethanes contamination limit, which is required for our daily drink water. Our in vitro study indicated that Colgate Total® does not form detectable chlorofonn levels ( 41 ppb) over the range of expected consumer-brushing times while using normal chlorinated drinking water. In vitro skin permeation and retention of parabens from cosmetic formulations S. Pedersen1, F. Marra, S. Nicoli and P. Santi Dipartimento Farmaceutico, University of Panna, Parco rea delle Scienze, 43100 Panna, Italy P. Santi, Dipartimento Fannaceutico, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43100 Panna, Italy. Tel.: +39 0521 905069 fax: +39 0521 905006 e-mail: patrizia.santi@unipr.it 1 Present address: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Parabens are antimicrobial agents widely used in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Although non­ mutagenic, non-teratogenic and non-carcinogenic, parabens * These abstracts appear as they were originally published. They have not been edited by the journal of Cosmetic Science. 73