JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 112 As shown in Figure 8, Fucus extract increased collagen I in the ECM in a dose-dependent way. The increases were signifi cant at all concentrations tested (0.01% to 0.5%). At 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.5%, Fucus extract enhanced collagen synthesis to 1.3-, 1.6-, 2.5-, and 3.7-fold of control, respectively. Vitamin C, the positive control increased col- lagen signifi cantly to 1.8-fold of control. At 0.1% and above, Fucus extract increased collagen more than vitamin C. Vitamin C at 50 μM, a commonly used bench mark in collagen I stimulation assays, was used as a positive control. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that Fucus extract is a novel product with quadruple in vitro effi cacy. Fucus extract stimulates in vitro the production of HO-1 enzyme. In addition, Fucus extract was found to be an anti-infl ammatory, antioxidative, and collagen boosting ingredient. Ingredients with such properties are likely to aid in alleviating the appearance of dark circles around the eye area. Additional in vivo studies are necessary to confi rm our hypothesis that Fucus extract could aid in periorbital rejuvenation. REFERENCES (1) S. Eberlin, M. Del Carmen Velazquez Pereda, G. de Campos Dieamant, C. Nogueira, R. M. Werka, M. L.de Souza Queiroz, Effect of a Brazilian herbal compound as a cosmetic eyecare for periorbital hy- perchromia (“Dark circles”), J. Cosmet. Dermatol., 8, 127–135 (2009). (2) S. M. Sadrzadeh, E. Graf, S. S. Panter, P. E. Hallaway, J. W. Eaton, Hemoglobin. A biologic fenton re- agent, J. Biol. Chem., 259, 14354–14356 (1984). (3) A. Pamplona, A. Ferreira, J. Balla, V. Jeney, G. Balla, S. Epiphanio, A. Chora, C. D. Rodrigues, I. P. Gre- goire, M. Cunha-Rodrigues, S. Portugal, M. P. Soares, and M. M. Mota, Heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide suppress the pathogenesis of experimental cerebral malaria, Nat. Med., 13, 703–710 (2007). (4) S. W. Ryter A. M. K. Choi, Heme oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide: From metabolism to molecular therapy, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 41, 251–260 (2009). (5) R. Stocker, Y. Yamamoto, A. F. McDonagh, A. N. Glazer, B. N. Ames, Bilirubin is an antioxidant of possible physiological importance, Science, 235, 1043–1046 (1987). (6) D. E. Baranano, M. Rao, C.D. Ferris, S. H. Snyder, Biliverdin reductase: A major physiologic cytopro- tectant, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99, 16093–16098 (2002). Figure 8. Fucus extract increase the collagen I on fi broblast cells. Mean ± SD on 3 assays in triplicate – Student’s t test - *: p 0.05 - ***: p 0.001.

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