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J. Cosmet. Sci., 65, 239–244 (July/August 2014) 239 Assessment of cadmium, lead, and nickel levels in hair care products marketed in Turkey HANDE SIPAHI, MOHAMMAD CHAREHSAZ, IPEK SONMEZ, BUĞRA SOYKUT, ONUR ERDEM, and AHMET AYDIN, Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul (H.S., M.C., I.S., A.A.), and Department of Toxicology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara (B.S., O.E.), Turkey. Accepted for publication May 23, 2014. Synopsis This study evaluated the content of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) in 105 hair care products com- mercially available in Turkey. Cd, Pb, and Ni were detected in 40%, 21.91%, and 94.29% of the samples, respectively. Maximum Cd concentrations were detected in two shampoo samples, and the highest Pb level was found in a hair conditioner, all of them were herbal-based formulations. The highest mean levels of Ni were detected in hairstyling agents. The overall results were lower than the Canadian and German regulatory limits however, according to the European Council Directive and Turkish Cosmetic Legislation, Cd, Pb, and Ni are listed as the substances that are prohibited in any amounts in cosmetics. Moreover, Ni content of 17.14% of the samples was above the limit of allergic contact dermatitis. It is known that these toxic metals tend to accumulate in body and prolonged use of them may potentially pose threat to human health. Thus, regular market monitoring and safer limits should be seriously considered especially for susceptible groups of the population like the pediatric group. INTRODUCTION Cosmetic products are commonly used by millions of consumers on a daily basis. Within the last few decades, there has been a great increase in the number of cosmetic industries producing various types of cosmetic products, which are needed for the care and good appearance of skin, hair, nails, teeth, and body (1,2). Cosmetics however were shown to be possibly contaminated by unwanted impurities such as toxic metallic powders of nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), which are unintentionally introduced to the cosmetics during their preparation. The metallic impurities in cosmetics have been dis- putable due to the biological accumulation of the metals and their possible dermal and systemic health problems in humans (3,4). There have been a number of studies about the presence of heavy metals in cosmetic products. In a study conducted by Nnorom et al., the Address all correspondence to Ahmet Aydin at ahmet.aydin@yeditepe.edu.tr.