IMPROVED STABILITY OF BUTTERFLY PEA ANTHOCYANINS 5 and presented in red-pink under the acidifi ed condition (Figure 1). Colorimetric analysis of the BP extract was undertaken in comparison with the biopolymeric wall–stabilized systems as shown in Table II. Most of the encapsulated BPs were increased in h and visu- ally notifi ed in red shade except some systems of the MD + GE (1/4, A and 1/5, A). In addition, TAC of the natural extract and their stabilized forms were examined at the baseline (initial) as exhibited in Figures 2 and 3. Stability of the extracts was assessed by means of an accelerated heating-cooling (HC) test, which could predict the shelf life for 18–24 months this method is found more applicable in health promotion product industries, including cosmetics (17). BP extract was obvi- ously low in stability with a dramatically decreased TAC with color fading (Figures 2 and 3, Table II). Retention of the encapsulated systems was shown to be 60–90% because of the benefi t of using a mixture of biological macromolecules for wall preparation. Of these mixtures, the biopolymeric wall system of MD + GA (1/4 with or without acidifi ed con- dition) retained TAC that insignifi cantly differed between the baseline and following the stability test (p = 0.060 and 0.074). On the other hand, TAC of BP extract changed insignifi cantly once protected in MD + GE wall at the 1/4 ratio, acidifi ed, and 1/5 ratio, without acidifi ed conditions (p = 0.063 and 0.065, respectively). The MD + GG system was able to protect TAC from degrading at the 1/5 ratio, acidifi ed condition (p = 0.085). Acidifi ed condition could better enhance stability of anthocyanins in terms of TAC. In addition, different pH varieties with different color shades of anthocyanins would widen the choice of application (15). Percentage reduction of TAC has been shown in Figure 4, where BP extract was the most reduced (85.37% ± 0.22%), whereas the MD + GA wall at 1/5 ratio, acidifi ed condition, was the least reduced (12.04% ± 4.49%). The sense of MD and GA exacerbating the protection effi cacy of anthocyanins was in harmony with the previous reports studying different sources of anthocyanins (6,12). The color of BP extract protected or unprotected in the biopolymeric walls was examined as shown in Table II. All of the color parameters of the MD + GA at the ratio 1/4, with or without acidifi ed condition were insignifi cantly shifted (p 0.05) similarly to the MD + GA at the ratio 1/5, acidifi ed condition. Taken into account with TAC reduction, the best condition for BP protection would be the biopolymeric wall system of MD + GA at 1/5 ratio that protected the natural colorant extract under a acidifi ed condition. PSD of this system was, therefore, analyzed and it showed to be 95.44 ± 1.57 μm. Table I Color of Butterfl y Pea Anth o cyanin Extract and Biopolymeric Walls Sample Color parameters L* a* b* C* h BP 30.74 ± 0.04 1.29 ± 0.03 0.48 ± 0.01 1.38 ± 0.02 19.55 ± 0.01 MD 78.70 ± 0.07 -0.63 ± 0.01 1.30 ± 0.02 1.45 ± 0.02 115.68 ± 0.29 GA 69.35 ± 0.11 3.11 ± 0.04 11.08 ± 0.04 11.51 ± 0.05 74.31 ± 0.14 GE 72.72 ± 0.11 -0.43 ± 0.02 12.62 ± 0.03 12.63 ± 0.03 91.94 ± 0.09 GG 72.86 ± 0.03 -0.68 ± 0.01 10.80 ± 0.02 10.82 ± 0.01 93.61 ± 0.06 MD + GA 70.64 ± 0.20 -0.03 ± 0.01 4.65 ± 0.02 4.65 ± 0.02 90.07 ± 0.41 MD + GE 73.40 ± 0.28 -1.07 ± 0.02 2.47 ± 0.08 2.69 ± 0.08 113.48 ± 0.77 MD + GG 76.94 ± 0.26 -126 ± 0.00 4.71 ± 0.02 4.88 ± 0.02 104.97 ± 0.04
Table II Color of BP Extract and the Stabilized Forms at the Base Line (Int.) and Following Accelerated Stability Test (HC) Sample Condition Color parameters Int. HC L* a* b C* h L a* b C* h BP 30.74 ± 0.04 1.29 ± 0.03 0.48 ± 0.01 1.37 ± 0.02 19.55 ± 0.41 32.61 ± 0.05 1.31 ± 0.01 0.64 ± 0.02 1.46 ± 0.01 25.77 ± 0.94 MD + GA 1/4 49.44 ± 2.47 7.28 ± 0.81 -9.74 ± 0.99 12.70 ± 3.00 306.97 ± 0.57 50.73 ± 0.47 7.94 ± 1.46 -9.69 ± 1.66 12.53 ± 2.21 309.30 ± 0.44 A 51.73 ± 3.56 19.36 ± 5.34 -0.86 ± 0.76 22.24 ± 0.66 356.67 ± 0.82 48.70 ± 0.05 20.77 ± 0.05 -1.04 ± 0.02 20.79 ± 0.04 357.11 ± 0.04 MD + GE ¼ 38.03 ± 1.20 6.21 ± 1.62 -10.26 ± 1.95 12.00 ± 2.51 300.90 ± 2.11 37.33 ± 0.23 3.09 ± 0.35 -5.10 ± 0.38 5.97 ± 0.51 301.19 ± 0.96 A 48.07 ± 0.04 20.42 ± 0.17 2.07 ± 0.04 20.52 ± 0.17 5.78 ± 0.06 42.02 ± 0.02 26.93 ± 0.06 2.91 ± 0.01 27.09 ± 0.05 6.16 ± 0.01 MD + GG ¼ 51.07 ± 0.02 5.66 ± 0.02 -9.28 ± 0.05 10.87 ± 0.06 301.41 ± 0.10 51.75 ± 0.08 4.65 ± 0.07 -7.61 ± 0.08 8.92 ± 0.10 301.42 ± 0.10 A 50.78 ± 0.09 17.93 ± 0.66 -5.44 ± 0.27 18.74 ± 0.71 343.12 ± 0.32 45.83 ± 0.01 14.22 ± 0.03 -4.21 ± 0.03 14.83 ± 0.03 343.52 ± 0.02 MD + GA 1/5 47.45 ± 1.86 6.23 ± 0.49 -7.93 ± 0.67 14.13 ± 0.58 308.97 ± 0.49 50.42 ± 0.38 9.96 ± 0.40 -11.95 ± 0.30 15.55 ± 0.47 309.80 ± 0.56 A 55.89 ± 5.63 20.83 ± 2.53 -1.41 ± 0.31 21.79 ± 1.86 355.94 ± 0.41 55.55 ± 0.27 21.89 ± 1.21 -1.18 ± 0.14 21.92 ± 1.21 356.92 ± 0.28 MD + GE 1/5 40.22 ± 0.61 6.90 ± 0.89 -11.95 ± 2.57 13.81 ± 2.67 300.30 ± 2.32 40.25 ± 0.16 4.22 ± 0.26 -7.44 ± 0.33 8.55 ± 0.42 299.53 ± 0.46 A 48.31 ± 0.27 16.55 ± 0.22 1.73 ± 0.04 16.64 ± 0.23 5.97 ± 0.11 43.82 ± 0.08 22.63 ± 0.39 2.44 ± 0.04 22.76 ± 0.39 6.17 ± 0.03 MD + GG 1/5 53.46 ± 0.20 6.59 ± 1.53 -10.79 ± 2.27 12.65 ± 2.74 301.34 ± 0.60 47.63 ± 0.04 5.55 ± 0.07 -8.66 ± 0.09 10.29 ± 0.12 302.75 ± 0.05 A 52.23 ± 0.09 13.83 ± 0.12 -2.98 ± 0.04 14.14 ± 0.13 347.84 ± 0.05 51.50 ± 0.03 13.90 ± 0.04 -3.95 ± 0.05 14.45 ± 0.04 344.15 ± 0.16 * —: not acidifi ed A: acidifi ed. JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 6
Previous Page Next Page