145 ImprovedPROVED AVB PhotostabilityOTOSTABILITY UsingING NLCs
Broadband Filter. Photochem Photobiol. 2001 74(3):401–406. doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2001)074 0401:pob
maa 2.0.co 2
(33) Hanno I, Anselmi C, Bouchemal K. Polyamide nanocapsules and nano-emulsions containing Parsol®
MCX and Parsol® 1789: in vitro release, ex vivo skin penetration and photo-stability studies. Pharm Res.
2012 29(2):559–573. doi:10.1007/s11095-011-0592-5
(34) Freitas CAS, Vieira ÍG, Sousa PHG, Muniz CR, Gonzaga MLC, Guedes MIF. Carnauba wax
p-methoxycinnamic diesters: characterisation, antioxidant activity and simulated gastrointestinal
digestion followed by in vitro bioaccessibility. Food Chem. 2016 196:1293–1300. doi:10.1016/j.food
chem.2015.10.101
(35) Lacatusu I, Badea N, Murariu A, Bojin D, Meghea A. Effect of UV sunscreens loaded in solid lipid
nanoparticles: A combinated SPF assay and photostability. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2010 523(1):247/[819]–
259/[831]. doi:10.1080/15421401003719928
(36) Lacatusu I, Badea N, Murariu A, Meghea A. The encapsulation effect of UV molecular absorbers into
biocompatible lipid nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2011 6(1):73. doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-73
(37) Caldas AR, Faria MJ, Ribeiro A, et al. Avobenzone-loaded and omega-3-enriched lipid formulations
for production of UV blocking sunscreen gels and textiles. J Mol Liq. 2021 342:116965. doi:10.1016/j.
molliq.2021.116965
(38) Scalia S, Coppi G, Iannuccelli V. Microencapsulation of a cyclodextrin complex of the UV filter, butyl
methoxydibenzoylmethane: in vivo skin penetration studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2011 54(2):345–350.
doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2010.09.018
(39) Gholap AD, Sayyad SF, Hatvate NT, et al. Drug delivery strategies for avobenzone: A case study of
photostabilization. Pharmaceutics. 2023 15(3):1–37. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15031008
(40) Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Sunscreen drug products for over-the counter human use,
Department of Health and Human Services. Fed Regist. 2019 84:38.
(41) Yang Y, Ako-Adounvo AM, Wang J, et al. In vitro testing of sunscreens for dermal absorption: A
platform for product selection for maximal usage clinical trials. J Invest Dermatol. 2020 140(12):2487–
2495. doi:10.1016/j.jid.2020.04.009
(42) Martins RM, Martins SS, Barbosa GLF, e Silva N, Fonseca MJV, Freitas LAPd. Natural component
and solid lipid microparticles of solar filter in sunscreen: photoprotective and photostability effect
enhancement. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2023 88:1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104860
(43) Hiller J, Klotz K, Meyer S, et al. Systemic availability of lipophilic organic UV filters through dermal
sunscreen exposure. Environ Int. 2019 132. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105068
(44) Scalia S, Mezzena M. Photostabilization effect of quercetin on the UV filter combination, butyl
methoxydibenzoylmethane-Octyl Methoxycinnamate. Photochem Photobiol. 2010 86(2):273–278.
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00655.x
(45) Li CC, Lin LH, Lee HT, Tsai JR. Avobenzone encapsulated in modified dextrin for improved UV protection
and reduced skin penetration. Chemical Papers. 2016 70(6):840–847. doi:10.1515/chempap-2016-0021
(46) Scalia S, Mezzena M, Ramaccini D. Encapsulation of the UV filters ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and
butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane in lipid microparticles: effect on in vivo human skin permeation. Skin
Pharmacol Physiol. 2011 24(4):182–189. doi:10.1159/000324054
Broadband Filter. Photochem Photobiol. 2001 74(3):401–406. doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2001)074 0401:pob
maa 2.0.co 2
(33) Hanno I, Anselmi C, Bouchemal K. Polyamide nanocapsules and nano-emulsions containing Parsol®
MCX and Parsol® 1789: in vitro release, ex vivo skin penetration and photo-stability studies. Pharm Res.
2012 29(2):559–573. doi:10.1007/s11095-011-0592-5
(34) Freitas CAS, Vieira ÍG, Sousa PHG, Muniz CR, Gonzaga MLC, Guedes MIF. Carnauba wax
p-methoxycinnamic diesters: characterisation, antioxidant activity and simulated gastrointestinal
digestion followed by in vitro bioaccessibility. Food Chem. 2016 196:1293–1300. doi:10.1016/j.food
chem.2015.10.101
(35) Lacatusu I, Badea N, Murariu A, Bojin D, Meghea A. Effect of UV sunscreens loaded in solid lipid
nanoparticles: A combinated SPF assay and photostability. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2010 523(1):247/[819]–
259/[831]. doi:10.1080/15421401003719928
(36) Lacatusu I, Badea N, Murariu A, Meghea A. The encapsulation effect of UV molecular absorbers into
biocompatible lipid nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2011 6(1):73. doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-73
(37) Caldas AR, Faria MJ, Ribeiro A, et al. Avobenzone-loaded and omega-3-enriched lipid formulations
for production of UV blocking sunscreen gels and textiles. J Mol Liq. 2021 342:116965. doi:10.1016/j.
molliq.2021.116965
(38) Scalia S, Coppi G, Iannuccelli V. Microencapsulation of a cyclodextrin complex of the UV filter, butyl
methoxydibenzoylmethane: in vivo skin penetration studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2011 54(2):345–350.
doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2010.09.018
(39) Gholap AD, Sayyad SF, Hatvate NT, et al. Drug delivery strategies for avobenzone: A case study of
photostabilization. Pharmaceutics. 2023 15(3):1–37. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15031008
(40) Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Sunscreen drug products for over-the counter human use,
Department of Health and Human Services. Fed Regist. 2019 84:38.
(41) Yang Y, Ako-Adounvo AM, Wang J, et al. In vitro testing of sunscreens for dermal absorption: A
platform for product selection for maximal usage clinical trials. J Invest Dermatol. 2020 140(12):2487–
2495. doi:10.1016/j.jid.2020.04.009
(42) Martins RM, Martins SS, Barbosa GLF, e Silva N, Fonseca MJV, Freitas LAPd. Natural component
and solid lipid microparticles of solar filter in sunscreen: photoprotective and photostability effect
enhancement. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2023 88:1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104860
(43) Hiller J, Klotz K, Meyer S, et al. Systemic availability of lipophilic organic UV filters through dermal
sunscreen exposure. Environ Int. 2019 132. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105068
(44) Scalia S, Mezzena M. Photostabilization effect of quercetin on the UV filter combination, butyl
methoxydibenzoylmethane-Octyl Methoxycinnamate. Photochem Photobiol. 2010 86(2):273–278.
doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00655.x
(45) Li CC, Lin LH, Lee HT, Tsai JR. Avobenzone encapsulated in modified dextrin for improved UV protection
and reduced skin penetration. Chemical Papers. 2016 70(6):840–847. doi:10.1515/chempap-2016-0021
(46) Scalia S, Mezzena M, Ramaccini D. Encapsulation of the UV filters ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and
butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane in lipid microparticles: effect on in vivo human skin permeation. Skin
Pharmacol Physiol. 2011 24(4):182–189. doi:10.1159/000324054


































































































