143 ImprovedPROVED AVB PhotostabilityOTOSTABILITY UsingING NLCs
STATEMENT OF CONTRIBUTION
L.A.D.S D.G.A.D. conceived the study and oversaw the overall direction and planning. I.P.S.
carried out the experiments with the help of A.C.T.L., B.C.C.R., E.R.C., and L.M.S. for the
development and characterization of lipid carriers, the photostability study, thermal analysis,
and in vitro skin permeation, respectively. T.L.N. aided in interpreting the results and worked
on the manuscript. E.M.L. provided material and equipment support for the research.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was financed by Cordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
(CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico.
REFERENCES
(1) Ciążyńska M, Kamińska-Winciorek G, Lange D, et al. The incidence and clinical analysis of non-
melanoma skin cancer. Sci Rep. 2021 11(1):4337. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83502-8
(2) Lomas A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall F. A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma
skin cancer. Br J Dermatol. British Association of Dermatologists. 2012 166(5):1069–1080.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10830.x
(3) Hu W, Fang L, Ni R, Zhang H, Pan G. Changing trends in the disease burden of non-melanoma skin
cancer globally from 1990 to 2019 and its predicted level in 25 years. BMC Cancer. 2022 22(1):836.
doi:10.1186/s12885-022-09940-3
(4) Sander M, Sander M, Burbidge T, Beecker J. The efficacy and safety of sunscreen use for the prevention
of skin cancer. CMAJ. 2020 192(50):E1802–E1808. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201085
(5) Fourtanier A, Moyal D, Seite S. UVA filters in sun-protection products: regulatory and biological aspects.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2012 11(1):81–89. doi:10.1039/c1pp05152k
(6) Marrot L, Meunier JR. Skin DNA photodamage and its biological consequences. J Am Acad Dermatol.
2008 58(5)(suppl 2):S139–S148. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.12.007
(7) Mahmoud BH, Ruvolo E, Hexsel CL, et al. Impact of long-wavelength UVA and visible light on
melanocompetent skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2010 130(8):2092–2097. doi:10.1038/jid.2010.95
(8) Lan C-CE, Hung YT, Fang AH, Ching-Shuang W. Effects of irradiance on UVA-induced skin aging.
J Dermatol Sci. 2019 94(1):220–228. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.03.005
(9) González S, Fernández-Lorente M, Gilaberte-Calzada Y. The latest on skin photoprotection. Clin
Dermatol. 2008 26(6):614–626. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.09.010
(10) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Department of Health and Human Services. Guidance for
industry: maximal usage trails for topical active ingredients being considered for inclusion in an over-
the-counter monograph: study elements and considerations. FDA Website. 2018. Accessed 8/23/2023.
https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/maximal-usage-trials-
topically-applied-active-ingre ients-being-considered-inclusion-over-counter.
(11) Mturi GJ, Martincigh BS. Photostability of the sunscreening agent 4-tert-butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoyl
methane (avobenzone) in solvents of different polarity and proticity. J Photochem Photobiol A. 2008 200(2-
3):410–420. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.09.007
(12) Durango S, Castañeda S, Vallejo J, Gallardo C. Solvent effect on photostability of butyl methoxy di
benzoyl methane formulated in solution and emulsion. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2015 7:181–186.
(13) Weiss-Angeli V, Poletto FS, Zancan LR, Baldasso F, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Nanocapsules of Octyl
Methoxycinnamate containing quercetin delayed the photodegradation of both components under
ultraviolet A radiation. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2008 4:80–89.
STATEMENT OF CONTRIBUTION
L.A.D.S D.G.A.D. conceived the study and oversaw the overall direction and planning. I.P.S.
carried out the experiments with the help of A.C.T.L., B.C.C.R., E.R.C., and L.M.S. for the
development and characterization of lipid carriers, the photostability study, thermal analysis,
and in vitro skin permeation, respectively. T.L.N. aided in interpreting the results and worked
on the manuscript. E.M.L. provided material and equipment support for the research.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was financed by Cordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
(CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico.
REFERENCES
(1) Ciążyńska M, Kamińska-Winciorek G, Lange D, et al. The incidence and clinical analysis of non-
melanoma skin cancer. Sci Rep. 2021 11(1):4337. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83502-8
(2) Lomas A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall F. A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma
skin cancer. Br J Dermatol. British Association of Dermatologists. 2012 166(5):1069–1080.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10830.x
(3) Hu W, Fang L, Ni R, Zhang H, Pan G. Changing trends in the disease burden of non-melanoma skin
cancer globally from 1990 to 2019 and its predicted level in 25 years. BMC Cancer. 2022 22(1):836.
doi:10.1186/s12885-022-09940-3
(4) Sander M, Sander M, Burbidge T, Beecker J. The efficacy and safety of sunscreen use for the prevention
of skin cancer. CMAJ. 2020 192(50):E1802–E1808. doi:10.1503/cmaj.201085
(5) Fourtanier A, Moyal D, Seite S. UVA filters in sun-protection products: regulatory and biological aspects.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2012 11(1):81–89. doi:10.1039/c1pp05152k
(6) Marrot L, Meunier JR. Skin DNA photodamage and its biological consequences. J Am Acad Dermatol.
2008 58(5)(suppl 2):S139–S148. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.12.007
(7) Mahmoud BH, Ruvolo E, Hexsel CL, et al. Impact of long-wavelength UVA and visible light on
melanocompetent skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2010 130(8):2092–2097. doi:10.1038/jid.2010.95
(8) Lan C-CE, Hung YT, Fang AH, Ching-Shuang W. Effects of irradiance on UVA-induced skin aging.
J Dermatol Sci. 2019 94(1):220–228. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.03.005
(9) González S, Fernández-Lorente M, Gilaberte-Calzada Y. The latest on skin photoprotection. Clin
Dermatol. 2008 26(6):614–626. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.09.010
(10) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Department of Health and Human Services. Guidance for
industry: maximal usage trails for topical active ingredients being considered for inclusion in an over-
the-counter monograph: study elements and considerations. FDA Website. 2018. Accessed 8/23/2023.
https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/maximal-usage-trials-
topically-applied-active-ingre ients-being-considered-inclusion-over-counter.
(11) Mturi GJ, Martincigh BS. Photostability of the sunscreening agent 4-tert-butyl-4′-methoxydibenzoyl
methane (avobenzone) in solvents of different polarity and proticity. J Photochem Photobiol A. 2008 200(2-
3):410–420. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.09.007
(12) Durango S, Castañeda S, Vallejo J, Gallardo C. Solvent effect on photostability of butyl methoxy di
benzoyl methane formulated in solution and emulsion. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2015 7:181–186.
(13) Weiss-Angeli V, Poletto FS, Zancan LR, Baldasso F, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Nanocapsules of Octyl
Methoxycinnamate containing quercetin delayed the photodegradation of both components under
ultraviolet A radiation. J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2008 4:80–89.


































































































