COMPARISON OF BEARD AND SCALP HAIR 363 Figure 1. Polarized light photomicrographs of Caucasian scalp hair (top) and beard hair (bottom) cross-sections of the same subject. Magnification 150x. and measurements taken at 0% 45 ø , 90 ø , 135 ø , and 180 ø . The averages of the measurements, taken at all five angles, for all five sites, for each fiber, were then calculated. Data presented are averages for all five fibers for each subject, and the standard deviation from fiber to fiber is reported. b. Determination of Fiber Ellipticity i. Direct Measurement Using the data obtained in 4a. above, ellipticity indices, that is, the ratios of fiber major axes over fiber minor axes, were obtained.

364 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS ii. Indirect Measurement From the photographs of the cross-sections, the major axis (longest "diameter") was selected, and the minor axis was the line bisecting the major axis. Ellipticity Index = Major Axis Minor Axis For each beard or scalp hair sample type at least twelve cross-sections were prepared (six fibers each from two individuals) for this purpose. Figure 2. Transmission electron micrographs of Caucasian beard and scalp hair cross-sections of the same subject. Magnification 915 x.

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