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j. Cosmet. Sci., 54, 251-261 (May/June 2003) N, N', N' '-trisl d i hyd roxyp h osp h oryl m ethyl)-'l, 4,7- triazacyclononane (DeofixT•A)--A high-affinity, high-specificity chelator for first transition series metal cations with significant deodorant, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity KARL LADEN, HAIM ZAKLAD, ELLIOT D. SIMHON, JOSEPH Y. KLEIN, and ROSA L. CYJON, Complexx R&D Services, Keren Hayesod St., Bldg. 6, Tirat Carmel 39026, Israel,' and HARRY S. WINCHELL, LLC, 3205 Northwood Drive, Bldg. 5, Concord, CA 94520. Accepted for publication April 29, 2002. Synopsis Deofix TM, N,N',N"-tris(dihydroxyphosphorylmethyl)-l,4,7-triazacyclononane, is a high-affinity, high- specificity chelator for first transition series cations such as iron, zinc, manganese, and copper. A 1% solution in 50% ethanol was found to be significantly better at reducing underarm malodor than a solution of 0.3% Triclosan in 50% ethanol. Compared to a 50% alcohol control, Deofix TM was found to produce a significant reduction in malodor for at least 48 hours. Deofix TM appears to work by reducing the concentration of first transition series metal ions below the levels needed for microbial cell reproduction and by inhibiting oxidative processes by interfering with catalytic formation of free radicals. Deofix TM has very low levels of toxicity when measured via a number of screening techniques. INTRODUCTION Since the introduction of the first axillary deodorant product in 1888 (1), deodorant products have grown to become one of the largest HBA categories in terms of number of users, frequency of use, and total sales. Over 50 years ago, hexachlorophene, a halogenated phenolic antimicrobial agent was launched into the market. It represented one of the first truly effective and potent deodorant ingredients and quickly became the ingredient of choice in a wide range of deodorant products. Concerns about its safety resulted in it being banned by the FDA from use in OTC products in 1972 (2). Since then, a wide range of agents, mostly antimicrobial, have been explored as deodor- ant ingredients (3). Of these, Triclosan (Irgasan DP300) has found the greatest use in 251