170 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 60 - C) 50 0 E - "C 40 Q) 30 Q) � __, 20 C ---CREAM � 10 ---tr- GEL 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Time (hours) Figure 10. Amount of Argireline® released as a function of the time for the two tested samples. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Part of this work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and by European Regional Development Funds under Project MAT2005-07746-C02-02 and Project of Excellence FQM 410. We thank K. Shashok for translating parts of the original manuscript into English. REFERENCES (1) G. C. Singh, M. C. Hankins, A. Dulku, and M. B. Kelly, Psychosocial aspects of botox in aesthetic surgery. Aesthetic Plast. Surg., 30, 71-76 (2006). (2) G. Peyrefitte, Biologfa de la Piel (Masson, Barcelona, 1995), pp. 65. (3) M. T. Alcalde and A. Pozo, Fondos de maquillaje I., Of/arm, 22, 161-162 (2003). (4) S. J. Stegman, T. A. Tromovitch, and R. G. Glogau, The Skin of the Aging Face in Cosmetic Dermatologic Surgery, 2nd ed. (Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, Mo., 1990), pp. 5-15. (5) B. Alberts, D. Bray, and J. Lewis, Biologfa Molecular de la Celula (Ediciones Omega, Barcelona, 1996), pp. 572-577. (6) L. M. Gutierrez, S. Viniegra, J. Rueda, A. V. Ferrer-Montiel, J.M. Canaves, and M.A. Montal, A peptide that mimics the C-terminal secuence of SNAP-25 inhibits secretory vesicle docking in chrornaffin cells,]. Biol. Chem., 272, 2634-2638 (1997). (7) P. M. Becker-Wegerich, L. Rauch, and T. Ruzicka, Botulinum toxin a successful decollete rejuvena­ tion, Dermatol. Surg., 28, 168-171 (2002). (8) V. Benedetto, The cosmetic use of botulinum neurotoxin type A, Int.]. Derm., 38, 641-655 (1999). (9) C. Blanes-Mira, J.M. Merino, E. Valera, G. Fernandez-Ballester, L. M. Gutierrez, S. Viniegra, E. Perez-Paya, and A. Ferrer-Montiel, Small peptides patterned after the N-terminus domain of SNAP 25 inhibit SNARE complex assembly and regulated exocytosis,J. Neurochem., 88, 124-125 (2004). (10) A. V. Ferrer-Montiel, L. M. Gutierrez, J.P. Apland, J. M. Canaves, A. Gil, S. Viniegra, J. A. Biser, M. Adler and M. Montal, The 26-mer peptide released from 25 by botulinum neurotoxin E inhibits vesicle docking, FEBS Lett., 435, 84-88 (1998). (11) C. Blanes-Mira, A. Jodas, A. Gil, G. Fernandez-Ballester, B. Ponsati, E. Perez, and A. Ferrer-Montiel, A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline®) with antiwrinkle activity, Int.]. Cosmet. Sci., 24, 303 (2002). (12) L. Rigano and S. Siguri, Analisis sensoriales: Un instrumento para determinar la calidad en cosmetica, NCP, 215, 5-9 (1996).

COSMETIC FORMULATIONS WITH ARGIRELINE® 171 (13) Y. Eros and A. Thaleb, Rheological studies of creams, Acta Pharm. Hung., 64, 101-103 (1994). (14) B. J. Poulsen, E. Young, and V. Coguita, Effect of topical vehicle composition on the in vitro release of fluocinolone acetonide and its acetate esters,]. Pharm. Sci., 57, 928-933 (1968). (15) R. E. Dempski, J.B. Portnoff, and A. W. Wase, In vitro release and in vivo penetration studies of a topical steroid from nonagueous vehicles, J. Pharm. Sci., 58, 579 (1969). (16) V. Gallardo, M. Mufioz, and MA. Ruiz. Formulations of hydrogels and lipogels with vitamin E,J. Cosmet. Dermatol., 4, 187-192 (2005). (17) T. J. Franz, Percutaneous absorption on the relevance of in vitro data,]. Invest. Dermatol., 64, 190-195 (1975). (18) P.A. McCarron, A. D. Woolfson, and S. M. Keating, Sustained release of 5-fluorouracil from poly­ meric nanoparticles,J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 52, 1451-1459 (2000). (19) K. T. Kierstan, A. E. Beezer, J.C. Mitchell, J. Hadgraft, S. L. Raghavan, and A. F. Davis, UV­ spectrophotometry study of membrane transport processes with a novel diffusion cell, Int. J. Pharm., 229, 87-94 (2001). (20) M. E. Morales, V. Gallardo Lara, A. C. Calpena, J. Domenech, and M. A. Ruiz, Comparative study of morphine diffusion from sustained release polymeric suspensions,]. Control. Rel., 95, 75-81 (2004). (21) A. Joshi, S. Ding, and K. Himmelstein, Patent 5, 252-318 (1993). (22) B. Idson, Vehicle effects in percutaneous absorption, Drug Metab. Rev., 14, 207-222 (1983). (23) J. L. Parra and L. Pons, Ciencia Cosmetica. Bases Fisiologicas y Criterios Prdcticos (1995), pp. 593-596. (24) Y. A. Chen and R.H. Scheller, SNARE-mediated membrane fusion, Nat. Rev. Mo!. Cell Biol., 2, 98-106 (2001). (25) T. Hayashi, S. Yamasaki, S. Nauennburg, T. Binz, and H. Niemann, Disassembly of the reconstituted synaptic vehicle membrane fusion complex in vitro, EMBO ]., 14, 2317-2325 (1994).