78 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS said, Dr. Clark has a long, active career in the Food and Drug Adminis- tration, and during that time he has served under five Food and Drug Commissioners, and innumerable Secretaries, Assistant Secretaries, etc., of The Department of Agriculture and The Department of Health, Edu- cation, and Welfare. So I am sure you will agree that Dr. Clark fully meets the first criterion for the Medalist which is "that he shall have actively engaged in the art and science of cosmetics." The second criterion for the award is that the recipients work must have achieved outstanding significance over a period of years. As a chemist in the Division of Cosmetics, Dr. Clark carried out pioneering research in the development of methods for the analysis of colors and cosmetics. He was particularly successful in utilizing new techniques and new instrumentation that were just becoming available when he started his official career. He has published more than 20 papers cov- ering his own research. As Director of the Division of Color and Cosmetics it has been Dr. Clark's continuing responsibility to direct and supervise a research program for the development of methods that can be used for enforce- ment purposes by the Food and Drug Administration and by State Organizations as well as for control by industry scientists. He has 20 chemists working under his direction at the present time. These chemists have published more than 200 papers covering a very broad spectrum of subjects. A substantial proportion of the methods that are now used to determine the purity and composition of colors and cosmetics were developed by Dr. Clark and the scientists working under his direction. These methods appear in two chapters of the Book of Methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, and are used throughout the world. Many of them also appear in a book entitled "Cosmetic Analysis" compiled to Dr. Newburger, a Member of Dr. Clark's Division. In addition to these publications, Dr. Clark and his colleagues have devel- oped many analytical manuals that are used by analyst in the Food and Drug Administration and State enforcement agencies. At the present time the scientists in the Division of Color and Cosmetics are utilizing the most sophisticated instrumentation and analytical techniques for the chemical characterization of complex formulations. These include X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, emission spectrometry, chromato- graphic procedures of all types, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrography. The significance of this work to consumers and the cosmetic industry cannot be overestimated, for it is not only making

NINETEENTH MEDAL AWARD 7• possible the detection of types of adulteration in cosmetics and cos- metics ingredients that was impossible only a short time ago, but it is laying the groundwork for more adequate research on the safety of cos- metics. From all that we read and hear it is clear that we are now at the threshold of a new era in the evaluation of the safety of cosmetics. The present as well as past Commissioners of the Food and Drug Adminis- tration have made it clear that they are unhappy with the present state of affairs and that some new type of approach or control over cosmetics is needed to insure their safety before marketing, as is now the case with food additives, drugs, pesticides, and colors. Fundamental to any type of pre-clearance control, and to the sound safety evaluation of any product, are accurate and sensitive scientific methods to determine the composition of the articles being tested, and of their degradation or metabolic products. Dr. Clark and scientists working under his direction have gone a long way toward making these methods available. As we move forward, as we must, utilizing new and sophisticated approaches in biochemistry, toxicology, and pharmacology to determine the risk versus benefit from the use of cosmetics the work that Dr. Clark and his colleagues are now doing will become more and more significant. Well, Ladies and Gentlemen, I'm sure that by now you share the conviction of the awards committee that Dr. Clark has fully met the second qualification for the award by his significant contributions to cosmetic science over a period of years. The last requirement is that the recipient of our award should be of good moral character and a man generally respected by his contempo- raries and associates in the field of cosmetic science. As to his moral character I have known "Bob" Clark for nearly 30 years and as far as I know he has never been convicted of chicken thievery or other heinous crimes. As for the respect of his contemporaries, I can tell you that he is highly respected by all members of the Food and Drug Administration for his outstanding scientific ability, his sincerity and his intellectual honesty. By selecting him to receive the highest award of the Profes- sional Society in his field of activity his colleagues and friends in industry have made it clear that they share this view. Mr. President, I am happy to present to you Dr. George Robert Clark.