782 (5) (6) •7) (9/ (10) (11) (1•,) (13) (14) (15) JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Nagai, T., Sukuma, K., and Tanknori, S., Hair shampoo evaluation, Soap Chem. Spec., 39-42, 95 (April, 1966). Waggoner, W. G., and Scott, G. V., Instrumental method for the determination of hair raspiness, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 17, 171-9 (1966). Collins, J. D., and Chaikin, M., The stress-strain behavior of dimensionally and strut- rurally non-uniform wool fibers in water, Text. Res. J., 35 777-87 (1965). Breuer, M. M., The binding of small molecules to hair. I. The hydration of hair and the effect of water on the mechanical properties of hair, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 23, 447-70 (1972). Alexander, P., Hudson, R. F., and Earland, C., Wool, Its Chemistry and Physics, 2nd Ed., Franklin Publishing Co., Inc., N.J., 1963. Chamberlain, N.H., and Speakman, J. B., Uber hysteresisersheinungen in der wasser- aufnahme des menchenhaares, Z. Electrochem., 37, 374-5 (1931). Evans, W. P., Cationic fabric softeners, Chem. Ind. (London), 27, '893-903 (1969). Cohen, S., in Patterson, E. Scott, Fatty Acids and Their Industrial Applications, Mar- cel Dekker, Inc., New York City, 1968, pp. 250-7. Kluge, A., Properties of quaternary ammonium salts-their use in cosmetic and hair treatment preparations, Amer. Per[urn. Cosmet., 81, 35-40 (March, 1966). Scott, C. V., Robbins, C. R., .and Barnhurst, J. D., Sorption of quaternary ammonium surfactants by human hair, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 20, 135-52 (1969). Finkelste•n, P., and Laden, K., The mechanism of conditioning of hair with alkyl quat- ernary ammonium compounds, Proc. IV Int. Wool Text. Res. Con[. Part I, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1971, pp. 673-80.
I. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.. 24, 783-795 (December 9, 1973) Computer-Assisted Product Development GERALD S. ROYE, M.S., GENE R. BERUBE, B.S., and FRANCIS W. BUSCH, B.S.* Presented December 12, 1972, New York City Synopsis--Initial steps in establishing an effective development program utilizing PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Techniques) and CPM (Critical Path Method) COM- PUTER PROGRAMS are shown. Interactive computer-assisted FORMULATION of new NAIL LACQUERS is carried out using matrix programs. Analysis of completed formulas for specific parameters is performed. Stability analysis and statistical evaluation of the completed nail lacquers are handled by computers. Color formulation and batch cor- rection of new pigmented nail fo•nula are carried out under several light conditions in order to eliminate metamerism. INTRODUCTION Product development in the cosmetic industry consists of complex physical, chemical, and legal barriers which must be cleared before a new product can be marketed. The availability of minicomputers and time-share networks is permitting the research chemist to solve some of his problems. Our laboratory is currently using computer base data collection and analysis systems to handle several important development tasks. Computer programs handle project planning, analytical, stability testing, and color formulation for nail lacquers. Many of the concepts developed in this paper are generally applic- able to other development projects. PROJECT The ideas for new products can originate within the corporation or be ob- tained from outside sources such as inventors, suppliers, or advertising agencies. Project initiation by marketing is one of the most critical planning * Chesebrough-Pond's, Inc., Research Laboratories, Trumbull Industrial Park, Trumq bull, Conn. 06611. 783
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