LIQUID CRYSTAL MAKE-UP REMOVER 29 Table I Composition of Liquid Crystal Make-Up Remover Nonionic surfactant (EOD-20) 16.0 wt% Oil (TGO) 60.0 Glycerol 16.8 Water 7.2 promoted the formation of the lameliar liquid crystal that retains a large amount of oil. This system seems to be best balanced at 70 wt% glycerol because further addition resulted in disappearance of the one-phase region by the separation of the surfactant. The composition of the point, which is marked with •r in a phase diagram of Figure 6c, is presented in Table I. As shown in Figure 7, the product appearance of the composition is a transparent gel. The composition at the star showed a single peak by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurement, while several other samples (of which the com- positions are located on the extended line between the oil apex and the star) resulted in more peaks (Figure 8). The composition at the star was proved to be a lameliar liquid crystalline structure from the following facts: 1) There was a linear relationship between a series of the Bragg distances obtained from the primary peaks of the SAXS curve and C/(1-C), where C is the oil concentrations (Figure 9) and 2) there were several peaks, in the ratio of 1:1/2:1/3 . . . , in the SAXS curves of the systems containing less than 30 wt% of the oil. Using the liquid crystalline system as a make-up remover, oily cosmetics were easily dissolved and dispersed, and the viscosity reduction that occurred during the rubbing enhanced the efficiency of dissolution. Furthermore, the system dissolving oily cosmet- ics was easily rinsed off with water. Figure 7. Appearance of liquid crystal make-up remover.

30 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS 70% Gly EOD-20 0 230• 1 2 120• 1 ' 1/2 ' 1/3 I I I I I I I• 60• 1 2 2• (deg) Figure 8. Patterns of small-angle X-ray scattering of gel-like phase. 400 ø•"'• 300 •Q. 200 • 100 0.4 0.8 1.2 C/(1--C) Figure 9. Changes in Bragg spacing with oil content of the gel-like phase. [ ii