MOISTURIZING/ANTI-SEBUM EFFECTS ON SKIN 11 THREE-WEEK TESTS For the three-week Corneometer, Tewameter, and Sebumeter measurements, we did not determine an untreated area on the cheeks. However, the volunteers applied the products on both cheeks, upon considering that use of cosmetics on the untreated area was not per- mitted for three weeks, which has caused diffi culties for some subjects, especially for those 25 to 34 years old. However, we had some results tested on the subjects’ forearms used as the untreated areas, and there were no signifi cant changes on the skin surface for the three measurements during the three-week period. In addition, we can expect that with no cos- metics applied on the facial skin, dry and uncomfortable feelings should appear on those young women’s facial skin, especially in Beijing, a very dry and windy city in China. On the cheek area treated with products, the Corneometer measurements gave an in- creased level during the three-week period (Figure 3). However, the Tewameter and the Sebumeter measurements showed a decreased level. All the differences from baseline were signifi cant in the statistical analysis for the three measurements (p 0.05). SUBJECTS’ FEELINGS ABOUT THE EFFECT OF THE PRODUCTS Except for the instrument measurements, there were similar improvement results at- tained from the subjects’ feelings refl ected in a questionnaire (Table I). The subjective Figure 2. Measurement difference between product-treated area and untreated area after 0, 2, 4, and 8 h of treatment on the last day. Data are shown as mean ± SD and the asterisk (*) indicates statistically signifi cant difference from the baseline (p 0.05).

JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 12 evaluation results for both the moisturizing and anti-sebum related aspects gave a mark of 2 to 3 (1, excellent 2, fi ne 3, popular 4, normal 5, bad), which showed that the sub- jects thought the product application could make the skin feel moist instantly, keep feel- ing moist, and control the skin oil for a whole day and the later three-week use time. The noninvasive instrument measurements showed coincidental results with the perceivable feelings of the subjects. Figure 3. Measurement on cheeks after using products for one, two, and three weeks. Data are shown as mean ± SD and the asterisk (*) indicates statistically signifi cant difference from the baseline (p 0.05). Table I Subjects’ Feelings About the Moisturizing and Anti-Sebum Effects of the Products Refl ected in the Questionnaire NO. Item Average score* 1. Do you think the product application could make the skin feel moist instantly? 2.4 2. Do you think the product application could keep the skin feeling moist for a whole day? 2.6 3. Do you think the product application could keep the skin feeling moist for the later three-week period? 2.7 4. Do you think the product application could control the skin oil for a whole day? 2.7 5. Do you think the product application could control the skin oil for the later three-week period? 2.9 *1, excellent 2, fi ne 3, popular 4, normal 5, bad.