629. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS REFERENCES (1) K. Laden, Natural moisturizing factors in skin, Amer. Peri. Cosmet., 82, 77-9 (1967). (2) K. Laden and R. Spitzer, Identification of a natural moisturizing agent in skin, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 18, 351-60 (1967). (3) E. J. Singer and L. J. Vinson, The water-binding properties of skin, Proc. Sci. Sect., Toilet Goods Ass., 46, 29-33 (196.0). (4) J. D. Middleton, The mechanism o[ water binding in stratum corneum, Brit. J. Dermatol., 80, 437-50 (1968). (5) R. L. Anderson, J. M. Cassidy, J. R. Hansen, and W. Yellin, Hydration of stratum corneum, Biopol•mers, 12, 2789-802 (1973). (6) J. D. Middleton, Development of a skin cream designed to reduce dry and flaky skin, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 25, 519-34 (1974). (7) K. Walkley, Bound water in stratum comeurn measured by differential scanning calorimetry, J. Invest. Dermatol., 59, 9_•5-7 (1972). (8) M. A. Wolfram, N. F. Woleisza, and K. Laden, Biomechanical properties of delipi- dized stratum cornettm, J. Invest. Dermatol., 59, 421-6 (1972). (9) S. G. Elfbaum and M. A. Wolfram, Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and other reagents upon mechanical properties of stratmn corneum, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 21, 129-40 (1970). (10) J. D. Middleton, The effect of temperature on extensibility isolated corneum and its relation to skin chapping, Brit. J. Dermatol., 81, 717-21 (1969). (11) J. D. Middleton and B. M. Allen, The influence of temperature and humidity on stratum corneum and its relation to skin chapping, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 24, 239-43 (1973). (12) T. S. Spencer, C. E. Linamen, W. A. Akers, and H. E. Jones, Water content of skin and environment, Clin. Res., 29., 333A (1974). (13) M. M. Rieger and D. E. Deem, Skin moisturizers. I. Methods for measuring water regain, mechanical properties and transepidermal moisture loss of stratum corneum, T. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 9.5, 239-52 (1974). (14) M. M. Rieger and D. E. Deem, Skin moisturizers. II. The effects of cosmetic in- gredients on human s•ratum corneum, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 25, 253-62 (1074). (15) G. R. BeruBe, M. Messinger, and M. Berdick, Measurement in vivo of transepidermal moisture loss, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 9.9., 361-8 (1971). (16) G. R. BeruBe and M. Berdick, Transepidermal moisture loss. II. The significance of the use thiclmess of topical substances, I. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 9.5, 397-406 (1974). (17) D. Spruit, Interference of some substances with water vapor loss of human skin, 4met. Per[. Cosmet., 86, 27-32 (1971). (18) H. Baker and A.M. Kligman, Measurement of transepidermal water loss By electri- cal hygrometry. Instrumentation and responses to physical and chemical insults, Arch. Dermatol., 96, 441-52 (1967). (19) C. Johnson and S. Shuster, The measurement of transepidermal water loss, Brit. J. Dermatol. Suppl. 4, 81, 40-6 (1969). (20) A. B. Goodman and A. V. Wolf, Insensible water loss from a human skin as a function of ambient vapor concentrations, I. Appl. Ph•tsiol., 9.6, 203-7 (1969). (21) L. O. Lamke, An instrument for estimating evaporation from small skin surfaces, Scan& J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg., 4, 1-7 (1970). (22) I. M. Gibson, The evaluation of hand-care preparations, I. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 24, 31-41 (1973). (23) ASTM Committee E-18 ,on Sensory Evaluation of Materials and Produ•cts, Manual on sensory testing methods, Tech. Pub[ 434, American Society for Testing and Mate- rials Press, 1968, Pp. 49-52. (24) R.V. Dent, The photographic aspect of light reflection from human skin. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 26, 1'852-62 (1941). (25) I. M. Gibson, Measurement of skin colour in vivo, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 22, 725- 40 (1971).

ASSESSMENT OF SKIN MOISTURIZATION 623 (26) E. O. Bernstein and C. B. Jones, Skin replication procedure for the scanning electron microscope, Science, 166, 252-3 (1969). (27) E. O. Bernstein, Scanning electron microscopy of skin topography before and after treatment, Presented, Annual Meeting, Society of Cosmetic Ghemists, December, 1974, New York City. (28) E. O. Bernstein, personal communication.