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J. Cosmet. Sci., 57, 127-137 (March/April 2006) Analysis of consumer cosmetic products for phthalate esters JEAN C. HUBIN GER and DONALD C. HA VERY, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Pa int Branch Parkway, C allege Park, MD 20740. Accepted for publication November 17, 2005. Synopsis A rapid and sensitive reverse-phase HPLC method with UV detection was developed for the quantitation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in cosmetic preparations. Average recoveries of the phthalate esters were better than 90%. In a survey of 48 consumer cosmetic products, including hair care products, deodorants, lotions and creams, nail products, fragrances, and body washes, most products were found to contain at least one phthalate ester. DEP was detected most frequently at concentrations up to 38,663 ppm. DBP was found in fewer products, but at levels up to 59,815 ppm. Based on the available exposure and toxicity data, the FDA has concluded that there is insufficient data to conclude that a human health hazard exists from exposure to phthalate esters from cosmetic products. INTRODUCTION Phthalate esters are present in many consumer products, primarily to impart flexibility to rigid polymers such as polyvinyl chloride. They are used in the production of products such as food wrappings, medical devices (e.g., blood bags), children's toys, wood finishes, paints, upholstery, and plastic products, and are subject to a variety of regulatory requirements. As a result of their extensive use, phthalate esters have been found in the environment (1-6), foods (7-9), food supplements (10), medical products (11,12), medical devices (13), plastic materials (14), and cosmetics (15). In cosmetic products, phthalate esters are used as solvents for fragrances, as suspension agents for solids in aerosols, as lubricants for aerosol valves, and as antifoaming agents, skin emollients, and plasticizers in nail polishes and fingernail elongators. Investigations into the levels of phthalate ester metabolites in human urine have shown that exposure to DEP, BBP, DBP, and DEHP from all sources is highly variable from person to person and between different demographic groups (16-19). In one study, women of child-bearing age (20-40 years) were found to have significantly higher levels of monobutyl phthalate, the metabolite of DBP, in their urine than other age/gender groups (16). Several phthalate metabolites have also been found in human breast milk 127