SURVEY OF COSMETICS FOR SEVEN INORGANIC ELEMENTS 131 blushes, 30 lipsticks, 15 lotions (5 medium and low priced, 5 premium or high priced, and 5 with sunscreen), 10 mascaras, 10 foundations, 5 body powders, 5 compact powders, 5 shaving creams, and 10 face paints were selected and analyzed. FDA developed the list with a primary emphasis on choosing products according to their market share. Powder products and face paints were selected from individual web sites with an emphasis on representing high-, medium-, and low-priced items and niche markets in order to cover the broadest range of available products. Table VII. Elemental Results for 30 Lipsticks from 19 Manufacturers Manufacturer Brand Mean results (mg/kg)a As Cd Cr Co Pb Hg Ni A a TR NF 1.4 0.23 1.3 NF 1.1 A b 0.36 NF 14 1.2 1.4 NF 7.6 A c TR NF 1.2 2.0 0.33 NF 2.6 B a TR NF 3.0 0.64 0.81 NF 2.3 C a 0.21 NF 0.18 0.022 TR NF 0.34 C b NF NF 0.88 0.087 0.65 NF 0.42 C c TR NF 2.60 0.24 1.6 NF 2.0 C d NF NF 0.47 0.88 0.13 NF 1.6 C e TR NF 1.1 0.61 0.69 NF 2.4 C f TR NF 0.23 0.051 0.03 NF 0.66 D a 0.17 NF 1.7 0.44 1.2 NF 2.6 E a NF NF 0.27 0.037 0.27 NF 0.18 E b TR NF 1.9 1.1 1.48 NF 1.8 F a TR NF 2.0 2.8 0.42 NF 5.0 G a 0.21 NF 1.3 0.18 0.69 NF 0.84 H a TR NF 4.0 0.26 0.87 NF 6.6 I a TR NF 0.91 0.70 2.1 NF 1.8 K a TR NF 0.6 3.9 0.42 NF 6.2 K b TR NF 5.2 1.4 0.15 NF 6.8 M a NF NF 1.6 0.071 0.85 NF 1.1 N a 0.49 TR 4.9 0.45 3.1 NF 1.8 N b product 1 0.35 NF 2.4 0.49 0.97 NF 0.99 N b product 2 0.42 NF 19 2.2 3.4 NF 6.7 O a 0.20 NF 1.3 0.10 1.8 NF 0.62 P a TR NF 0.35 NF TR NF TR Q a TR NF 3.4 3.0 1.1 NF 3.1 R a NF NF 1.6 0.25 1.1 NF 2.1 U a 0.22 NF 4.6 2.4 0.83 NF 7.1 W a TR NF 0.59 0.092 0.72 NF 0.52 X a NF NF 0.62 0.036 0.22 NF 0.55 NF: Not found, or less than detection limit TR: Trace, or greater than detection limit, but less than quanti- tation level. a Mean results of duplicate determinations.

JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 132 APPARATUS • ICP-MS—Perkin Elmer Nexion 300X (Perkin Elmer, Shelton, CT) • Mercury cold vapor gold amalgamation atomic fl uorescence spectrometer (CVAFS)— Tekran 2600 (Tekran, Toronto, Ontario, Canada) • 60 ml Tefl on™ digestion vessels—Savillex 100% high purity (Savillex, Eden Prairie, MN) • 50 ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes—Tyco Healthcare Group metals-free grade with additional acid cleaning (Tyco Healthcare Group, Mansfi eld, MA) • 15 ml polypropylene centrifuge tubes—VWR International metals-free grade with additional acid cleaning (VWR International, Radnor, PA) REAGENTS AND REFERENCE MATERIALS High purity (18 MΩ-cm) deionized water was used throughout the study. Elemental stock, internal standard, and check solutions were prepared from commercial ICP-MS grade single-element analyte solutions (CPI International, Santa Rosa, CA). Secondary single-element standards used to monitor ICP-MS performance were obtained from Inor- ganic Ventures (Christiansburg, VA). The primary mercury stock standard was 1000 mg/kg (High Purity Standards, Charleston, SC) and a secondary mercury stock standard Table VIII. Elemental Results for 5 Lotions from 5 Manufacturers Manufacturer Brand Mean results (mg/kg)a As Cd Cr Co Pb Hg Ni U b TR NF NF NF NF NF 0.37 X b TR NF TR NF NF NF TR Y a TR NF TR TR 0.04 NF TR Z a 0.19 NF NF NF NF NF TR AA a TR NF NF NF NF NF TR NF: Not found, or less than detection limit TR: Trace, or greater than detection limit, but less than quanti- tation level. a Mean results of duplicate determinations. Table IX. Elemental Results for 5 Premium Lotions from 5 Manufacturers Manufacturer Brand Mean results (mg/kg)a As Cd Cr Co Pb Hg Ni A c 0.20 NF TR NF NF NF TR C a TR NF NF NF NF NF TR G a TR NF TR 0.11 NF NF TR N a TR NF TR 0.024 0.08 NF TR R a TR NF TR NF NF NF TR NF: Not found, or less than detection limit TR: Trace, or greater than detection limit, but less than quanti- tation level. a Mean results of duplicate determinations.