Book Reviews THE CHEMICAL FORMULARY, VOLUME XIII, edited by H. Bennett. Chem- ical Publishing Co., Inc., New York. 1967. 447 pages, indexed. Price $8. The 13th edition of the now familiar series of chemical formulary brings countless new formulas in sixteen broad areas to the chemical and ama- teur formulator. The first chapter again presents the well-known basic principles for compounding the for- mulations and is a fitting introduction for the volume, as well as a source of useful recipes. While several of the topics found in volume XII are in- cluded in volume XIII, none of the formulas are duplicated, and a large number of new fields are surveyed as well. The formulations are for the most part grouped under appropriate sub- ject headings, making it easy to browse through and compare. How- ever, industrial disinfectant cleaners are misplaced in Chapter IV, "Cos- metics and Drugs," and should right- fully be in Chapter XIV, "Soaps and Cleaners." Hard surface disinfec- tants are not drugs. Chapter V, "Emulsions," contains one formula for a self-polishing floor wax which should be included in Chapter XI, 569 "Polish," although admittedly it is an emulsion. Chapter XVI, "Miscellane- ous," includes a number of unrelated items. Fortunately, the index is complete and fairly accurate and di- rects one to the proper pages. Especially helpful are the alphabet- ical lists of chemicals and suppliers, which make it easy to locate the source of raw materials. The writer agrees with the editors of the volume that trade names for materials should be used to afford as many meaningful formulas as possible, but a description of the products should also be in- cluded so that a formula can be eval- uated. There is no way of knowing, for example, whether a material is an active ingredient, a filler, a preserva- tive, or an activator unless one is al- ready familiar with it. Several for- mulas are simply composed of a dozen specialty items giving no clue to their nature. As far as could be deter- mined, only one material, Detergicide (page 121), is not listed among the chemicals. Most of the chapters are well writ- ten, with both formulas and com- pounding procedure spelled out. Chapter XIII, "Rubber, Plastics, Waxes," is one exception--Kith for- mula upon formula and never a manu-

570 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS facturing procedure, time, or tempera- ture--and could be useful only to an expert. The chapter on soaps and cleaners is occasionally difficult to read because formulas are broken up and the continuation may be found at the top of the next column or part way through, since the printing varies haphazardly from two columns per page to one. Chapter XII, "Pyrotechnics," is a disappointment because it is merely a detailed summary of one U.S. patent on halogenie smokes. Such a narrow phase of a subject should not have over 50 pages devoted to it. The formulas for the kinds of prod- ucts with which the writer is familiar appear reasonable and workable with the exception of artificial vanilla, page 28. Coumarin has been banned for use in foods as a toxic adulterant by the FDA and, of course, cannot be used. The cosmetic chemist will find in Chapter IV, "Cosmetics and Drugs," a wealth of information since it in- cludes typical formulations for almost every kind of cosmetic and toilet arti- cle which can serve as starting points for his own work, while the other chapters can supply new ideas and raw materials. Volume XIII of The Chemical Formulary is a valuable ad- dition to the shelf of the formulating chemist.--RIC•ARD K. LEoNE--Cy- anamid International. SCIENTISTS IN ORGANIZATIONS, by Donald C. Pelz and Frank M. Andrews. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y. 1966. 318 pages, indexed. Price $10. This volume describes the results of a massive study of scientists by two social psychologists. One may ex- pect that it will be much quoted and will become a major source of impor- tant information to managers of re- search and development groups. Ba- sically, the authors studied research personnel in industrial and govern- mental laboratories and in universi- ties. The subjects were 1311 scien- tists in 11 different laboratories. Scientists were rated according to their performance in four categories: scientific contributions, usefulness, patents, and unpublished reports. The ratings in the last two categories appear of minor interest, but the areas identified as scientific contributions and usefulness deserve careful scru- tiny. "Scientific contributions" refer to the man's own work to help the field move forward, regardless of whether anybody benefits from his activity. "Usefulness" refers to his value to the organization Mthin which he works, regardless of whether he himself performs the research or service. Ratings of these parameters were made by five judges, on the aver- age, selected from the scientists's peers within his own laboratory. These ratings were then combined by the "Ford" technique to yield percentile ranks. It is interesting to note that these two parameters generally run parallel and that one measurement might have been sufficient. One can, therefore, inquire whether these pa- rameters measure different character- istics of individuals or whether the judges tend to confuse these two par- ticular ratings.