334 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS TABLE 1II--ErrECT or PVA CONTENT ON FILTRATION TIME Time in Minutes to Collect 50 mi. Flitrate* Sample a b Average Whatman #1 5.0 5.5 Blank 5.0 4.8 5.1 Theatrical make-up control 28.0 30.0 29.0 Theatrical make-up, 1.25% PVA 134.0 138.0 136.0 Theatrical make-up, 2.5% PVA 281.0 291.0 286 0 Liquid make-up control 21.0 22.0 21.5 Liquid make-up, 2.5% PVA 35.0 37.0 36.0 Liquid make-up, 5% PVA 52.0 50.0 51.0 Sun tan lotion control 73.0 73.0 73.0 Suntan lotion, 2.5% PVA 121.0 123.0 122.0 Suntan lotion, 5% PVA 174.0 178.0 176.0 Cream hair dressing control 24.0 26.0 25.0 Cream hair dressing, 2.5% PVA 38.0 35.0 36.5 Cream hair dressing, 5% PVA 45.0 48.0 46.5 * Determinations were run until 50 ml. had been collected, or until 60 minutes had elapsed. 60 minute values were then projected to obtain values for collection of 50 mi. SUMMARY Polyvinyl alcohol is a safe and versatile material with a wide range of potential uses in cosmetic preparations. The molecular weight and the degree of hydrolysis of the polymer have a marked effect on its suitability for use in cosmetics. In general an 88% hydrolyzed grade will be found most satisfactory. Polyvinyl alcohol included in selected formulas at a concentration of 2.5% and 5% provides increased physical stability, film- forming properties, and wearability of the products. A laboratory method of testing the film forming ability of polyvinyl alcohol-containing cream or lotion is described. (Received September 2.5, 1963) APPENDIX The commercial products which have been used in this work are listed below together with their sources: Trademark Amerchol L-101 Cosmetic Russet Cosmetic Brown Veegum HV Sunscreen #2 Tween 61 Description Supplier Extract of lanolin alcohols American Cholesterol Prod. Corp., Edison, N.J. Oxide pigment Ansbacher-Siegle Corp., Staten Oxide pigment Island, N.Y. Magnesium-aluminum silicate R.T. Vanderbilt Co., New York, N.Y. Menthyl anthranilate Sindar Corp., New York, N.Y. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono- Atlas Powder Co., Wilmington, stearate Del.

COSMETIC APPLICATIONS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL 335 Perfume Comp. Perfume Givaudan-Delawanna Inc., New E-7941 York, N.Y. Acetulan Acetylated lanolin alcohols American Cholesterol Prod. Corp., Edison, N. J. REFERENCES (1) W. O. Hermann and W. Halknel, German Patent No. 643,668 (1937). (2) M. A. Lesser, Drug & Cosmetic Ind., 56, 442 (1945). (3) M. G. deNavarre, The Chemistry and Manufacture of Cosmetics, Vol. II, 2nd Ed., D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., Princeton, N.J. 1962, pp. 142-143. (4) E. Sagarin, Cosmetics: Science and Technology, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1957, pp. 250, 406, 435, 566, 663. (5) R. L. Davidson and S. Marshall, I4•ater Soluble Resins, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1962, pp. 88-109. (6) E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington 98, Del., Elvanol, Vinyl Products Bulletin V 18-861. (7) Shawinigan Resins Corp., Springfield, Mass., Gelvatol, pp. 10, 11. (8) L. H. Greenberg and D. Lester, Handbook of Cosmetic Materials, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1954, p. 265. (9) T. Reumele, Mfg. Chemist, 23, 25 (1952). (10) Martindale, The Extra Pharmacoepia, Vol. I, 24th Ed., The Pharmaceutical Press, London, 1958, p. 702. (11) H. M. Sawyer, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington 98, Del., Personal communication.