33O JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS

USE OF ANTI-IRRITANTS IN COSMETIC FORMULATING 331 harshness of the aluminum salt. Each of these additives (at 5%) was a very effective anti-irritant, reducing scores in half (see Formulas C and D). On the other hand, addition of the amphoteric surfactant Miranol C2M (at ().3%, Formula E), or of the surfactant polyol, Pluronic F68 (at 2%, Formula F), to the control base formula had little or no effect. The most surprising result of this whole test series was the increase in eye irritation apparently caused by the addition of 0.25% aluminum chlorhydroxy allantoinate (Formula G). This material has been mentioned several times by dermatologists (14) for its ability to reduce skin irritation caused by astringent aluminum salts. Allantoin itself TABLE V Draize Eye Test Scores--Antiperspirants (No wash after instillation into eye) Individual 72 Hr. Scores for Rabbit Code 1 2 ,3 4 5 6 _ CulylU- lative Average, 7 Days (• 72 Hr. (Average) A 6 6 2 4 6 4 4.6 27.0 B 8 12 4 8 6 4 7.0 36.6 C 8 2 0 2 4 0 2.7 20.3 D 4 4 6 2 2 2 3.3 21.6 E ll) 6 6 2 10 8 7.0 36.7 F 0 12 12 4 2 4 5.7 36.2 G 13 41 18 6 10 32 20.0 108.2 H 2 2 4 0 0 0 1.3 21.3 I 2 0 0 6 2 6 2.7 16.6 J 2 4 4 10 8 8 6.0 32.3 K 6 4 2 2 4 12 5.0 32.0 is noted for its ability to disperse keratin scales, being recommended for various pathological skin conditions and dandruff. It is possible that this property made the eye more susceptible to attack by the quaternary in this formula, or that the allantoinate in some way "ac- tivated" the Hyamine 1622 through direct reaction with it. It has been repeatedly demonstrated that neither allantoin itself nor the aluminum allantoinates are skin or eye irritants. As a matter ef fact, they are often added to topical preparations because of the healing and soothing effects which they provide (15, 16, 22). The author has long been convinced that addition of allantoin to lipsticks containing "bromo acid" dyes can make them tolerable to women who cannot otherwise use the "high stain" type of product for fear of cheiliris type reactions.