HUMAN HEAD HAIR AS FORENSIC EVIDENCE 313 (lO) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) Kind, S.S. Metrical characters in the identification of animal hairs. Forensic Sci. Soc. J. 5 110 (1965). Trotter, M. Classifications of hair colour. Ant. J. Phys. Anthropol. 25 237 (1939). Garn, G. M. Human hair--its composition, anatomy and distribution, Ph.D Thesis, Harvard (1948). Munsell Colour Co., Baltimore, Munsell colour charts for judging skin, hair and eye colours, selected from Munsell soil colour chart collection (1970). Unilever Research Laboratories, private communication. Gamble, L. H. and Kirk, P. L. Human hair studies Part lI. J. Crim. Law Criminol. Pol. Sci. 31 627 (1940-1941). Atlas Der Menschlichen und Tierischen Haare, Leipzig (1938). Bogaty, H. Differences between adult and children's hair. J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 20 159 (1969). De Forest, P. R. Individualisation of human hair, pyrolysis-gas chromatography, Doctor of Criminol. Thesis, Univ. of Calif. (1964). Fouweather, C. Home Office Central Research Establishment, Aldermaston, unpublished results. Dabbs, M. D. G. Home Office Central Research Establishiment, Aldermaston, private communication. Greenwell, M.D., Willmer, A. and Kirk, P. L. Human hair studies Part III, J. Crim. Law Criminol. Pol. Sci. 31 746 (1941). King, L. A., The low temperature luminescence of aromatic amino acids in peptides and proteins, PhD Thesis, Loughborough Univ. (1972). Culliford, B. J. The examination of typing of bloodstains in the crime laboratory, National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice (1971). Yada, S., Mori, M. and Okane, M. Photographic illustrations of the technique of grouping single human hairs. Act. Crim. Jap. 34 87 (1968). Yada, S., Ishimoto, G. and Okane, M. Use of a hair roller in the practice of blood grouping human hairs. Acr. Crim. Jap. 34 152 (1968). Phillips, A. P. Ministry of Defence, London, unpublished results. Brinkmann, B. and Jobst, U. Sex determination in biological stains. Forensic Conclusive- ness and Scope. Z. Rechtsmed. (J, Leg. Med) 73 1-6 (1973). Wella Hair Chart, Wella International, Basingstoke (1972). Crockett, J. S. Home Office Forensic Science Laboratory, Birmingham, private communi- eation. Logan, R. The analysis of hair dyes, MSc Thesis, Univ. of Strathclyde (1970). Breuer, M. M. Binding of phenols by hair. J. Phys. Chem. 68 2067 (1964).

J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 26 315-322 (•975) ¸ 1975 Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Great Britain Microbiological a case history quality control G. D. BREACH* Presented on 28th August 1974 in London at the IFSCC VIIIth International Congress on 'Cosmetics--Quality and Safety' organized by the Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Great Britain Synopsis--A history of the introduction of MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY CONTROL (MQC) into factories manufacturing non-sterile pharmaceuticals, TOILETRIES and COS- METICS throughout Europe and Africa is outlined. The development of a microbiology manual and appropriate standard operating procedures to up-grade GOOD MANUFACTUR- ING PRACTICE (GMP) is explained. Problems with particular products and organisms are discussed, especially the presence of Achromobacter and Pseudomonas organisms in plant water in some sites. The inter-relationship of QC, R & D, and Production which enabled MQC to proceed smoothly is emphasized as is the application of one overall 'in house' standard. THE INTRODUCTION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY CONTROL We viewed microbiological control as a much needed extension of a quality assurance programme and the techniques, methods and standards which were developed were designed to control and improve hygiene standards in the plant. Where official government standards have been intro- duced these have been viewed as additive, rather than as a replacement to the 'in house' standards. For example, a government regulation which requires the absence of a particular species of bacteria from a product, utilizes a specific test designed for that organism and therefore it is felt that * Vick International, 250 Bath Road, Slough, Bucks. 315