110 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS of the preparation under test can be made at 9 a.m. Tuesday morning and perspiration weights gathered from 10 a.m. on. The test would then extend to Friday so that one could obtain data on 4 applications of the test product. The product is applied to thoroughly cover the hairy portion of the axilla. (Experience has shown that antiperspirant creams have not come off on the pads for collecting the perspiration to affect the weights of the pad.) 4-8. Comments on these sections have been taken care of under 1, 2 and 3. 9. The per cent effectiveness of the preparation is calculated for each day the subject is on the test. For preliminary work to check this ratio method, which is presented here because several laboratories have obtained agreement, a bench mark prep- aration should be agreed upon. One laboratory has found a buffered Aluminum Chloride solution to be an effective product with multiple appli- cations. This preparation is suggested as the bench mark preparation to be used in checking agreement between laboratories in establishing this pro- cedure. PROCEDURE FOR DEODORANT TEST 1. Subject not to use any deodorant or antiperspirant for a week also use no deodorant soap for this week (olive oil, castile, ivory or other bland soap permissible in axillary areas). No shaving of the axilla is required. 2. Test day, 9 a.m. Determine odor levels in L and R axillae according to the following scale: 0 none, 1 slight, 2 definite, 3 strong and overpower- ing. 3. 9:05 a.m. Apply to one axilla the preparation under test. 4. 3 p.m. Determine odor levels in L and R axillae of the subject. 5. If subject is used on succeeding days, the control axilla should be kept as the control. 6. Tabulate results on subjects who have at least a 2 odor in the control axilla. COMMENTS ON THE DEODORANT TEST Numbers refer to the corresponding numbers of the paragraphs of the test procedure. 1. The paragraph is self explanatory. 2. The odor levels enumerated have been published in an article in Soap. A group of some 30 persons interested in deodorant testing and representing 16 laboratories had a meeting to discuss axillary odors. Their conclusion was that the odor was characteristic and that essentially 5 levels can serve to answer evaluation questions. The level of "overpowering"

COSMETIC CREAMS AND LOTIONS 111 was included on the basis that some studies have been made with evalua- tion of axillary odor from that area of a T shirt. Direct sniffing of the axilla has not yielded a level as high as overpowering but clothing such as a T shirt has. At this time, these 5 levels are suggested as covering the neces- sary range and also permitting evaluation on clothing if interested parties consider that this should be included in a test procedure. First consideration should be given to odor levels obtained by direct sniffing of the axilla. One laboratory found a correlation between direct sniffing of the axilla and that obtained from a 1-inch cotton ball swab of the axilla stored in a 1-oz. ointment jar with the cap liner removed from the cap of the jar. On repeating this work more than 5 years later, it was found that the odor on the swabs dissipated rapidly so they could not be used. The nature of the swab material varied from the original used and can account for the trouble. At the present time, Zobec pad material seems to retain axillary odors and correlate with direct sniffing of the axilla. What- ever is used must give comparable data with direct sniffing. 3-5. These paragraphs are self-explanatory. 6. Laboratories have found like odor intensities in L and R axilla when no deodorant preparation has been used. Therefor% the control axilla must have a definite characteristic axillary odor in order to judge the effectiveness of a product used in the treated axilla. For checking between laboratories, the bench mark preparation, mentioned under Antiperspirant Test is suggested. SUBCOMMITTEE ON DEODORANTS AND ANTIPERSPIRANTS G. W. Fredell, Chairman Dr. J. Longfellow Report on EVALUATION OF GOSMETIG GREAMS AND LOTIONS CREAMS ASD •,OTtOSS may be tested for safety, for efficacy or for attractiveness. Methods of testing for safety have not been discussed by this subcommittee, since they are very much the same for a wide variety of cosmetic products, and should be left for the consideration of the Com- mittee on Laboratory Methods for Product Testing as a whole. It may be worth while to remark in passing that an event greatly to be desired is the development of suitable in vitro tests to replace or supplement the lengthy and tedious animal tests now used to screen possible new ingredients. Advances in tissue culture techniques and the use of mast cells to assess