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]. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 26, 397~409 (August 1975) Evaluation of Ocular Decongestants in Rabbits j. j. LOUX* and S. L. YANKELLt Presented April 1973, Federation [or Experimental Biology Spring Meeting, Atlantic City, N.I. Synopsis-A procedure has been developed for determining the minimum effective dose and the duration of activity of OCULAR DECONGESTANTS in RABBITS. A 5% sodium chloride solution causes a reproducible typeremic response, which can be abolished by OPHTHALMIC PREPARATIONS containing a VA'SOCONSTRICTOR. Dose range studies have been conducted to determine minimum effective doses of com- pounds proposed for use as ocular decongestants. INTRODUCTION Ocular irritation is assayed in most laboratories by employing the criteria and method proposed by Draize (1). This procedure was developed to assay the potential ocular irritation of substances which might accidentally get onto eye surfaces and cause untoward reactions. Four basic parameters are ap- praised: conjunctival redness or hyperemia edema or chemosis iritis and corneal opacity. While moderate to severe eye irritants can cause reactions in- volving all four of these categories, minor eye irritations are limited to a su- perficial conjunctival hyperemia associated with mild edema. Situations which can cause minor ocular irritations, objectively manifested by conjunctival redness, include allergy, eye fatigue, insomnia, intemperance, pollution, smoking, swimming, etc. In these cases, an ophthalmic deconges- tant preparation can afford symptomatic relief of an uncomfortable and cos- metically undesirable situation. *Cooper Laboratories, Research and Development Division, 110 E. Hanover Ave., Cedar Knolls, N.J. 07927. 'PMenly & James Laboratories, Ltd., 1500 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Penn. 19101. 397