RISK-BEARING SUBSTANCES IN COSMETICS 171 77820 Silver powder 77480 Gold powder BiOC1, as such or precipitated on mica TiO2 precipitated on mica or talc (Titanated mica) White-Blue-Red Green-Gold Guanin, pearl essence 2.Amino, 6.Oxy purine also yellow during the ashing, but not so intense as with BiOC1. The yellow colour turns white again after cooling. Sulphuric acid 4M will dissolve BiOC1. Then add Na•S. A brown precipitation of Bi2Sa occurs. Copper and bronze powder will dissolve with a blue colour, which deepens after addition of ammonia. HCl 6M. Titanated gold micas contain a little iron oxide. Heat it with a little HC1 6M, dilute with equal volume of water and add several crystals of K. ferro- cyanide. After some time a green-blue coloration occurs. NaOH 8M. This is an excellent reaction for Aluminum powder, which generates hydrogen. This reaction of A1 with a base is much better than with an acid. Guanin dissolves in NaOH 8M. Titanated mica retains its colour in this reagent. Aqua regia. This is only important to dissolve gold or silver powder. Dissolution. This is the best method to confirm Ti. After cooling dilute with 5 x water and add several drops of 3•o H20•.. A specific yellow-orange coloration occurs. Metal analysis. This will give information for talc or mica. Microscope. Mica platelets will show beautiful inter- ference colours under the microscope. Compare with reference substances. Market survey of eye make-up. Analytical results Sampling from the market was done in January 1972. There were nine brands with 111 samples. All colour tints of three brands were taken. Of the other brands the brown, grey and black colours were omitted, because they were chemically less interesting. All kinds of products were sampled: liquid liner, pencil liner, shadow liquid, shadow compact powder, shadow stick, shadow ointment, mascara wax cake, mascara liquid. Two unidentifiable samples were found in the 111 samples--one blue, one violet. There were 33 GREEN eye make-up preparations 28 contain chromic oxides 7 contain iron oxides 2 contain ultramarines 3 contain aluminum powder

172 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS 1 contains BiOC1 on mica l 5 contain titanated micas 3 contain lakes of organic colours CI 19140 CI 42O9O There 14 2 27 2 6 5 2 were 31 BLUE eye make-up preparations contain chromic oxides contain ferric ferrocyanide contain ultramarines contain aluminum powder contain BiOC1 on mica contain titanated micas contain lakes of organic colours CI 14290 CI 42O9O There 3 15 3 1 3 7 2 1 were 20 VIOLET eye make-up preparations contain iron oxides contain ultramarines contain Mn-violet contains aluminum powder contain BiOC1 on mica contain titanated micas contain lakes of organic colours CI 42090 CI 75470 (Carmine) CI 45170 contains unidentified pigments There 2 3 2 1 were 3 RED/BROWN eye make-up preparations contain iron oxides contain ultramarines contain titanated micas contains a lake of an organic colour CI 45425 There 1 3 were 3 BLACK eye make-up preparations contains iron oxides contain carbon black There 3 2 1 1 2 were 5 GREY eye make-up preparations contain iron oxides contain ultramarines contains aluminum powder contains BiOC1 on mica contain carbon black