DEODORANT EFFICACY OF TCC 85 8.6 0.4 8.:3 Soop G, y=O. 11 + 0. 14(io•X) B=O. 562 • • • Soop i• X•O] 0. 09(lo•X) B=O. 965 0.0 , , , , , • Figure 6. Comparison of TCC transfer rates using soap D (0.26% soluble TCC) and soap G (0.26% soluble TCC + 0.06% wool wax alcohols) after different washing periods (10 sec, 40 sec, 120 sec). Samples were taken after washing with running tap water of 30øC. 8.25 0. 28 0.15 0.10 0. 05 [*] y - 0.152 - 0.00g B-O. 758 X - 0. 038 TCC [n•l. unitm] Figure 7. Correlation between skin surface lipids (after treatment) and TCC transfer rate using soap I (0.26% soluble TCC + 0.06% wool wax alcohols + 0.65% dimethylpolyglycolether). Samples were taken after washing with running tap water for 2 minutes.

86 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS 11o 70 Y ' 1•õ.04 - 20.õ94 B-•.343 X + • 43• 40 Lm• (M 'q- • (20 • (M TCC [/J9/c., 2 ] Figure 8. Correlation between skin surface roughness (Rz replica taken before washing) and TCC transfer rate using soap K (0.26% soluble TCC in nonylphenolpolyglycolether). Samples were taken after washing with running tap water of 35øC. This explanation is supported by the finding that the rougher skin of elderly people absorbs more deodorant than the smoother skin of younger volunteers. These results were also found using soap C and, to a lesser extent, when using soap D. INFLUENCE OF WATER TEMPERATURE The transfer rate is influenced by the temperature of the tap water used. In water of 30øC the amount of TCC transferred is higher than when using water of 40øC (Figure 9a). We found here that solubiIization of the mixture of the refattening agent and TCC (= variant of soap G) lowers this temperature dependence. INFLUENCE OF THE CONTENT OF SOLUBILIZER It can easily be recognized that the content of solubilizer in soap G is at a reasonable level with respect to distribution and bioavailability by comparison of the TCC transfer rate of soap G with that of soap K, which contains an excess of solubilizer (Figure 9b): The amount of transferred TCC drops by about 40% when soap K is used. ESTIMATION OF THE TIME-DEPENDENT TRANSFER OF TCC To estimate the percentage of TCC transferred to the skin during the washing proce- dure, an experiment was performed on one volunteer: