Journal of Cosmetic Science The Official Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists © Copyright 2021 by the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. Permission is granted to readers and nonprofit libraries acting for them for fair use of the material contained in this Journal. Permission is further granted to quote from this Journal in scientific works with the customary acknowledgment of the source. Consent from EACH OF THE ORIGINAL AUTHORS along with notification to the Society of Cosmetic Chemists is required to reprint a figure, table or other excerpt. The republication, systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this Journal (including abstracts) is permitted under written license from the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. The Society of Cosmetic Chemists may also require that permission must be obtained from EACH OF THE AUTHORS. Address inquiries to the Editor. SUBSCRIPTION: JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, the Official Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, is published six times per year with January/February, March/April, May/June, July/August, September/October, November/December issues. Yearly subscription price is $250.00 for 1-10 users, $350 for 11-50 users, $490 for 51-100 users and $686 for 100+ users. JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, the Official Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, is a registered trademark of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. POSTMASTER, MEMBERS AND SUBSCRIBERS: Send address changes to The Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 14 Wall Street, Suite 1620, New York, NY 10005. RESPONSIBILITY FOR STATEMENTS PUBLISHED: The Society of Cosmetic Chemists, the Journal Advisory Group and the Board of Directors assume no Editor-in-Chief: Paolo Giacomoni, PhD, Consultant to the Skin Care Industry Senior Associate Editor: Trefor Evans, PhD, TRI-Princeton | Hair Expert Associate Technical Editor: K.P. Ananthapadmanabhan, PhD, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati | Skin Expert President: Liz Streland, Croda, Inc. Vice President: Michelle Hines, PhD, Mary Kay, Inc. Vice President-Elect: Mark Chandler, ACT Solutions Corporation Secretary: Yulia Park, PhD, Amway Corporation Treasurer: Karen Chun, Symrise, Inc. Executive Director/CEO: Erica L. O’Grady, CAE, Society of Cosmetic Chemists HQ responsibility for statements or opinions advanced by contributors to this Journal. Missing issues will not be supplied if claims are received more than 60 days after the date of the issue, or if loss was due to failure to give notice of change of address. The JCS cannot accept responsibility for foreign delivery when its records indicate shipment was made. EDITORS AND PUBLISHERS: Abstracts or digests of articles not exceeding 400 words may be published, duly credited to the author and JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, the Official Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. AUTHORS: When using illustrations or quotations taken from copyrighted publications, authors must get written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce the same. PAGE CHANGES: The authors of a manuscript will no longer be assessed a page or color photograph charge for printed manuscripts. Any material set into type but ordered deleted from the publication at the page proof stage must also be paid for by the author. These changes will be invoiced to the senior author at the time of publication. MANUSCRIPTS: Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with “Information for Authors,” which can be found at the end of this issue. Periodicals postage paid at New York, New York and additional mailing offices. Publication office: 14 Wall Street, Suite 1620, New York, NY 10005 (212) 668- 1500, Fax: (212) 668-1504. Email: journal@scconline.org

SCC EDUCATION WEEK Cosmetic Product Development: Lab to Launch June 21-25, 2021 The SCC presents a series of online CEP courses concentrating on 4 key areas in the development of a cosmetic product: raw materials, formulating for the delivery of active ingredients, prototype development and testing, and scale up and manufacturing. GAIN ACCESS www.scconline.org/education-week After the event, we’re providing 30 days of FREE On-Demand access to your course selection(s) to view and/or review at your convenience. Replays of recorded presentations are available until July 26, 2021. COURSE OFFERINGS: • Cosmetic Raw Materials • Cosmetic Product Prototypes: Development and Testing • Formulating for the Delivery of Cosmetic Actives • Scale Up and Processing Cosmetic Formulations Plus, a bonus seminar on Cosmetic Claim Substantiation