Table III Mean Wrinkle Grade Variation With Age (mean± SD) at Different Skin Sites Qapanese) --- Corner of Age group Forehead Glabella Upper eyelid the eye Lower eyelid Nasolabial groove 20-29 1.79 ± 0.70 1.21 ± 0.43 1.29 ± 0.47 1.21 ± 0.43 1.71 ± 0.47 1.57 ± 0.65 30-39 2.43 ± 0.94 1.86 ± 0.66 2.00 ± 0.55 2.07 ± 0.83 2.43 ± 0.51 2.21 ± 0.58 40--49 2.86 ± 0.86 2.93 ± 0.92 2.79 ± 0.80 2.86 ± 0.53 3.07 ± 0.47 3.00 ± 0.96 50-59 3.57 ± 1.02 2.86 ± 0.86 3.50 ± 0.65 3.50 ± 0.52 3.86 ± 0.66 3.29 ± 0.73 60-69 4.43 ± 0.76 4.14 ± 0.95 4.36 ± 0.50 4.14 ± 0.36 4.50 ± 0.52 4.50 ± 0.52 Average 3.01 ± 1.25 2.60 ± 1.27 2.79 ± 1.24 2.76 ± 1.17 3.11 ± 1.12 2.91 ± 1.21 Correlation coefficient r = 0.766 r = 0.801 r = 0.898 r = 0.911 r = 0.892 r = 0.842 p 0.001 p 0.001 p 0.001 p 0.001 p 0.001 p 0.001 Cheek 1.14 ± 0.36 1.64 ± 0.50 2.57 ± 0.51 3.14 ± 0.53 3.64 ± 0.50 2.43 ± 1.04 r = 0.889 p 0.001 Corner of the mouth 1.14 ± 0.36 1.86 ± 0.66 2.57 ± 0.51 3.50 ± 0.52 3.93 ± 0.47 2.60 ± 1.15 r = 0.910 p 0.001 � b1 � b1 s: f---1 b1 u rTj n - � � � - z � - z � \..),) -...._J -...._J
378 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE scores (4.5 or greater) in the lower eyelid, nasolabial groove, cheek, and the corner of the mouth. Table III shows the wrinkle scores in eight areas of the face in 70 Japanese females using the same photoscale. In the group aged 20-29 years, the mean score was between 1 and 2 in all areas except the forehead, which was consistent with our previous study ( 6). As seen in Caucasian females, the wrinkle scores in all areas increased with age. Figure l(A-H) compares the results between the Caucasian and Japanese females in each area of the face in each age group. Forehead. The wrinkle scores were significantly lower in Japanese females than in Cau casian females in the groups aged 20-29 and 40-49 years, slightly lower in Japanese females than in Caucasian females in the groups aged 30-39 years, but similar between Japanese and Caucasian females in the groups aged 50-59 and 60-69 years (Figure lA). Glabella. The wrinkle scores were significantly lower in Japanese females than in Cau casian females in the groups aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59 years, but similar between Japanese and Caucasian females in the groups aged 60-69 years (Figure lB). Upper eyelid. The wrinkle scores were significantly lower in Japanese females than in Caucasian females in the groups aged 20-29 and 30-39 years, slightly lower in Japanese females than in Caucasian females in the groups aged 40-49 years, but similar between Japanese and Caucasian females in the groups aged 50-59 and 60-69 years (Figure lC). Corner of the eye. The wrinkle scores were significantly lower in Japanese females than in Caucasian females in the groups aged 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 years, but similar between Japanese and Caucasian females in the groups aged 50 years or more (Figure 1D). Lower eyelid. In all age groups (20-69 years), Japanese females showed significantly lower wrinkle scores than Caucasian females (Figure lE). Nasolabial groove. The wrinkle scores were significantly lower in Japanese females than in Caucasian females in the groups aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59 years, but similar in the groups aged 60-69 years (Figure lF). Cheek. In all age groups (20-69 years), Japanese females showed significantly lower wrinkle scores than Caucasian females (Figure lG). Corner of the mouth. In all age groups (20-69 years), Japanese females showed significantly lower wrinkle scores than Caucasian females (Figure lH). COMPARISON OF LOWER CHEEK SAGGING BETWEEN CAUCASIAN AND JAPANESE FEMALES Table IV compares the lower-cheek sagging scores between the Japanese and Caucasian females. In the Caucasian females as well as in the Japanese females, the sagging scores increased with age. Figure 2 compares subzygomatic sagging between Caucasian and Japanese females in each age group. The sagging scores did not significantly differ between Caucasian and Japanese females in the groups aged 20-29 and 30-39 years, but were significantly higher in Caucasian females than in Japanese females in the groups aged 40 years or more.
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