JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 558 Microlift® incorporates nanoparticles of silica and proteins to help lift and tighten the skin’s surface. Other Lancome products, Primordiale Nanolotion® cream and Hydrazen® cream both use vitamin A-containing nanocapsules to moisturize the skin (75). Helena Ruberstein another top cosmetics brand, develops colloidal gold in its Gold Future® cream, and it is claimed by the manufacturer that particles of gold are able to enhance the bioavailability of epidermis cells. Currently there are many products containing SLN or NLC on the market. German cos- metics manufacturer Dr. Rimpler GmbH introduced Cutanova Cream NanoRepair Q10® into the market in 2005. It is the fi rst lipid nanoparticle-based cosmetic product. This NLC-containing cream is superior to conventional o/w emulsion creams with regard to skin hydration (50). Chanel’s Allure® perfume is incorporated into SLN and nano- emulsions. SLN yields a prolonged release of the perfume (76). It is also found in a pro- longed release of Kenzo® perfume from NLC (77). Products involving an emulsion as a carrier system include an oil-in-water emulsion pat- ented by L’ Oreal. It contains fi llers such as Radiesse® and Restylane® that can be used in numerous cosmetic and dermatological applications and that are suitable for all skin types (8). Korres’s Red Vine Hair® sunscreen utilizes a microemulsion with water-resis- tant UV fi lters to protect hair from UV radiation (78). L’ Oreal owns several patents based on nanoemulsions. Coco Mademoiselle Fresh Moisture Mist® from Chanel has a nano- emulsion that prolongs the fragrance (79). Certain products in the market using carrier systems are tabulated below (Table I also see ref. 80). Table I Summary of the Cosmetic and Cosmeceutical Products That Use Carrier Systems to Improve Performance Trade name Ingredient Use Name of brand Type of carrier system used Capture® Anti-aging Dior Liposome (70) Advanced Night Repair Protective Recovery Complex Serum® Anti-aging Estee Lauder Liposome (82) Clean It® Complexion Mist Acne-controlling Kara vita Liposome Royal Jelly Lift Concentrate Anti-wrinkle Royal Jelly Liposome Niosome Plus® Daily Treatment Lancome Niosome Rénergie® line roducts (Flash Lifting Serum, Microlift Serum, Microlift Cream, Microlift Eye Cream Nanoparticles of silica and proteins Skin-tightening, anti-wrinkles Lancome Nanoparticles (83) Nano Gold® Energizing Cream 24-karat gold, a natural protein Anti-aging, anti-infl ammation Neiman Marcus Nanoparticles NanoramaTM—Nano Gold® Mask Pack Nano-gold, amino acid, collagen, coenzyme Q10, Skin-tightening, anti-wrinkles Lexon Nanotech, IncTM. Nanoparticles Oleogel® Coenzyme Q10, primrose, Vitamin A,E Antioxidation, anti-aging Dermaviduals Nanoparticles

ADVANCED CARRIER SYSTEMS 559 Trade name Ingredient Use Name of brand Type of carrier system used Platinum Silver Nanocolloid® line products (Platinum Silver Nanocolloid Milky Essence, Platinum Silver Nanocolloid Cream) Botanicals and coenzyme Q10 Anti-wrinkles, anti-aging DHC Skincare Nanoparticles RevitaLift® line (RevitaLift Double Lifting Serum, Intense Lift Treament Mask) Pro-Retinol A, vitamin A Skin-tightening, anti-wrinkles L’Oreal Nanosomes, nanoparticles (84) Rutína® Nano-force Moisturizer Hyaluronic acid derivative Skin-moisturizing KOSÉ Nanotechnology Rutína® Nano-white Serum Skin-whitening KOSÉ Nanotechnology The Makeup Dual Balancing Foundation SPF 17 Makeup Shiseido Nanoparticles (85) Skin Forever®—Extreme Wear Flawless Makeup SPF 25 Makeup Dior Nanotechnology (86) Snow Pure® UV Base SPF 50 Makeup Dior Nano UV fi lters Hydra fl ash® Bronzer Daily Face Moisturizer Vitamin E Self-tanning, skin-moisturizing Lancome Nanocapsules Hydrazen® Cream Triceramides Skin-moisturizing Lancome Nanosphere (87) Elixir Skin Up® Cream Titanium dioxide Makeup foundation Shiseido Nanoparticles Bioperformance Crème Super Régénérante Absolue® Gamma linolenic acid Lancome Nanocapsules Platinéum® Hydroxyapatite Anti-aging Lancome Nanoparticles Gold Future® Gold Anti-free radical Helena Rubinstein Colloidal (88) Happylogy® Glowing Skin Essence Pro-endorphins complex Anti-wrinkle Guerlain Nanoemulsion (89) Precisone® Calming Emulsion Chanel Nanoemulsion (90) Coco Mademoiselle Fresh Moisture Mist® Skin-moisturizing Chanel Nanoemulsion (91) Table I Continued SUMMARY With people’s increasing vanity of youthful appearance and fl awless complexion, presum- ably carrier systems will continue to establish a leading role in the cosmetics industry. Liposomes and niosomes posses a similar structure and are both nontoxic and biocompat- ible. They are reported to exert favorable effects when applied with active ingredients on the skin, including facilitating ingredients into deep skin layers, improving ingredients’ biomedical functions, and reducing application time. Liposome stability is one signifi - cant problem however, the leakage of contents, oxidation of lipids, and change in particle