16 JOURNAL.OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS The apocrine glands, more widespread in lmver mammals, •vhere, as already mentioned, they may function as sweat glands, occur in the human body only in the axilla, the mons pubis, the external auditory meatus, the circum-anal area, the areola and nipple of the breast, the labia minora of the female and the prepuce and scrotum of the male. A few may, however, be found on the face and around the umbilicus in some individuals. Apo- trine glands are coiled tubular glands and open into hair follicles. Their secretion is said to be odoriferous, but this is not so in man it is the bacteria which live on these secretions which produce the odour. Body odour, in fact, comes largely from the areas where apocrine glands are present, and it can be cornbated by a "competitive" scent or by a germicidal material. •,:.•*:-'•..•:•.'• •:' • :•'{'::.:..: ""' .....--.'.::•3•:•' •-•--."•'•"•:. 'T!: "'"":':'.':•'..:..:•':•' •,•:•*•' : .'•':.• 5:::' ' ?:•i: "::? '?:$'•?: ............... ..• ......... .. •:•.•.:.. .. ,:.:'• : •:•:•:• :?•:•..•':•::+"'. ...... . .•. ..:. ................. .... ...• ..... : ...... . ( •' . .... *:½•: •}•:...:"• :......:,:...•:.:?•:. •.•::•:.. .... ......•,.,., • .. :...... ..•.:.:•:: .•:: •..: :,•:•-.:..:. •..•½:... •.:: : .:.•.•..½•%:•.' ' '..'":*" :-':'•S " •::' '• .•' ....:-W-...-.: ...,*:: -'*'* .-x,.•-•'?(½: ß .'- ".•":• •*:.::' ':" .:"' .::::"•.• '• -.x•k'•,, .. :•'*-::" ' ....... 2 ::a•-'. .-½,:::5::':•4. ::"...' k• .......... ..: .: :.'... ½•:,•.:•-•:**:.. '""'..'"'Z'.? %• ?.L '""..,:,,•,: •:,:,.:.,:'..'..: **..2v?.'½• .. . ........... ß •..:,.•: :-½:•'% .:. . . .. " : '%*:":.:.':•": :'"':*::• •*•":*'::':'"'::• •':: '• : :' ' ............ ':'*:'•ø'---•:*'* ::•:•'½:..' •* •:'**•½%•:•: U ': .•: ? ?: *:?""':'"':*•*:•:' '."':::•.• 7 .*.:'::' . :--*. *: -*'" ' *"h •7.•':",.}½:':. " . .,.. :,....., '½ ...... • .:•... ::,,. ...,..... ,,.,...:.,..:. .,,..:?,.**:,.•.::,.....•..• ....................... ....:.........:..'..: ... :.•. ....:. •::- ß ....:-,:..::.• :..,.... ..' . .' ':?"":":'::':C - ::,:..•.:•' . :..-:.: ...:•:s'i ':' } •-{-' •:•,:... : ½ •-::-r& •..7':• . '.• ..... -:::--..•:•4: ½ •:: :-,5-':. .-... '."-•-•,•,.:::.:.: '•., * ' ..... ---"' :. •?•....::•....""Z• '": 5½::.•.•:-.::. •:-"-..::. ..... '.•:::'::."*•"::'-'.:-.:: ,.•s$:..::,• . ,•::½ .... --:.. '"'*:,:.½*:,.:.:•,:: ":'-:.*:'-.:'.½:.':. '.' '..,,•4•½.:.. ' ..,..... :.•.. -½½•:•,.' [ ............. ß ...' '* ' .. '. •-.3:' t':5 ? •: ' ß .... •.... - , •:...: '-. '..4.. ?' • :*::::•* .:.•. ::**•'..• . .. •:'.... .•: :.•..•{::,..•.'*:. ::. •5 .•.*, .............. ...•.::,:'+,....,:.......'.::: .'x ' ß -:•-.•:'-:Z•'.:**. ' -'..•,' .....:**..• ,::.4•}'• ::•::::•,:}...:•:.. ½..•*•::$-:.::•"'..:...:" .•*'.' .. ' .½::z:.•..•*• .... '".?:.:'"::"7': •:*.•'•::'.::'.. . '::'.'..:'*: ........... ": ..... " ß ' ..... . .•.. '""Lc•,--:•:,.:•.-Z½.rE" ½?-:...F•:,.. * ...? 'i ': :"'" .: ..... . ::•,:-•& • -'"* ......... :.. ... •. :.•-'.,:•.'-, ::. -?:'•: •" '" ': : •:'.-::• ':½'":•' ' """:' .......... . ,•.:'."•'*"" ' ..... •..:., *z-*•* '* ::•'• '":'•-':'%• • : {.½:¾.:•:'•5:?:' :'5:' .• ' .•½.'::•:::.:*:':•¾.':'•½' . .,?'-'.'"'•?,:::..:..:• • :.::,•::.:.:'•.' ..::.:.: ..-- ........ .. . . :::: %•.::?**.-::"•"'".-..:---.,•::.•,-.. •• ....,.---.,**. :.'..: ß ......p, -•... .: . ...... :•:.• ::::-:,-,.,. : •f :•" ........ ... :-. .---:.,:--. ....... "'.'*.** ........ . ........... •..... •.. .............. *•: .... ,.--"•*:•"":' "...•: ..½:":' .... ... • .... :•.e,.•.. :•:':)•'.,-.: ,. . '.' .....: ...... ...... ::..::. ½ ß •:: .•w: -. •. :(:•:•.::..5 :ZZ ,.. ::'•:, :: ... ' ....... .. ' ' • ':'*• *' •'"':::: '-- •**:' ................. ..,-'- .....-:-":"'::'*:Z½: ""'•"• :' '}:.-•".:-.::::,:.:':: ': '..'-"•::'.•':::- '":':::..'•.:.•:':".: ....... **s '.-::-.."..'....•..2.":'•' '"' .+...-.-•***: '•'* ............ :..:::'2:?Z ' •":•? •g :!:½•':-*•.:-." '"'["":•"'"'*½:• ....... • -*. mz,- .•- • • •"*.' '.• .... :+ ½:•-- * ' • * '* . ß ' ':"" ..."• '"w::'. ":: W:..*• ..•:: .:.• (s:' :• 5.."*m•'½--•.--,,-..-::::::-:•..** ,•*-:.4} .•-½Fa--..--*-•,½,•:•., ,.•-':4•:: .: ,g........,:* ...... .-'.. : .... . .½ ., "•:.::: -:'"': .½' .,:.:**,..•..-.:•.: , :-',:",:,: .•::.,r::.• .% "*•e •.-,..•,"'-.: :½e:.•: ..,½.{::.•:----.=:::.:'-:,..Z.• :. :,,,,,,. ß .. f .• ß :....:½•-•. .::•.::.:.-.•½ .** ...• ". .... :•.:..:• ..... .. . .:,:. .::-.. ß :..:.:-...::,•..:. ...**......:::...... :.[.•::...::,( .., ...4.:.:..•.: . SLIDE 16 Beads of sweat gathered at the orifices of the sweat ducts in the epidermal ridges of the palm. (Courtesy of Doctor Waiter C. Lobitz, Jr.)

THE STRUCTURE OF SKIN 17 In lower animals apocrine glands may indeed produce odoriferous principles--the skunk and the goat may be detected by their characteristic smell produced by the secretion of these glands. SLIDE 17 Closure of the keratin ring and dilatation of the deeper parts of the sweat duct. From O'Brien (10). (Reproduced by permis- sion of the author and H. K. Lewis & Co., Ltd.) x 352.