172 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS •.0MP',4R'I$oN OF TIlE Fl'XttTI /ff ACTION OF 0CTyLENE GLYCOL AN/) OF NoNYL ALCOHOl_ AND •10NYL ACETATE MIN. Evaporation Time, minutes Results 1-10 100% H 30-35 57% H 54-57 100% G 90-96 100% G Again benzyl benzoate has a more pronounced retarding effect on the evaporation of its close relative, benzyl acetate, than on heptyl alcohol, while tridecyl alcohol exhibits a selective fixative action for heptyl alcohol. A very similar pattern was obtained when the proportion of fixative was diminished from 80 per cent to 40 per cent (Exp. 2b). 2b. Solution T 3 g. n-Heptyl alcohol 3 g. Benzyl acetate 4 g. n-Tridecyl alcohol Solution U 3 g. n-Heptyl alcohol 3 g. Benzyl acetate 4 g. Benzyl benzoate Question: Which smells more of benzyl acetate ? Figure .--Experiment on fixation using odor evaluation by a test panel. The vertical axis indicates which fraction of the test panel stated that blotter M smelled most like nonyl acetate. When the experiment was repeated, the question was rephrased: "Which smells more like nonyl alcohol?." An exactly analogous result was ob- tained. This result indicates that the aliphatic dialcohol, octylene glycol, is the better fixative for nonyl alcohol, while the aliphatic diester is the better fixative for nonyl acetate in Solution M the evaporation of the nonyl alcohol is initially retarded so that the acetate predominates, but in the final stages of evaporation the odor of the alcohol is more pronounced than on the blotter containing Solution N. 2a. Solution G Solution H 1 g. n-Heptyl alcohol 1 g. n-Heptyl alcohol 1 g. Benzyl acetate 1 g. Benzyl acetate 8 g. Benzyl benzoate 8 g..-Tridecyl alcohol

EVAPORATION AND THE ODOR QUALITY OF PERFUMES 173 Question: Which smells more of benzyl acetate ? Evaporalion Time, minutes Results 1-6 100% T 34-40 80% T 100-105 100% U 170-180 100% U Ioo•'l" ,% $o \ toO \ \\ \ \ ". \\ \ \ o,lr (01"}•/l•'l.,•N OF THE' FlYATIVE A(-.TIOH OF B[NZY/_ •ENZOATE AN/) oF TglJ)FC'fL ALCOHOL ON R NIXTORE' OF' '•EId7. YL ACETATE' AND HEPTT'L ,4'LC0/"/0 L MIN. Figure 2.--... = % of panel indicating H smells most strongly of benzyl acetate (2a) ..... % of panel indicating T smells most strongly of benzyl acetate (2b). We obtained results of the same type when using linalool and ethyl benzoate as the odorants and nerolidol and diethyl phthalate as the fixa- tives (Exp. 3) and again using methyl nonyl ketone and p-methyl ace- tophenone as odorants and mineral oil and diethyl phthalate as fixatives (Exp. 4) also using benzyl acetate and nonyl acetate as odorants and diethyl phthalate and mineral oil as fixatives (Exp. 5). Solution 0 Solution P 4 g. Linalool 4 g. Linalool 2 g. Ethyl benzoate 2 g. Ethyl benzoate 16 g. Diethyl phthalate 16 g. Nerolidol Question: Which smells more of ethyl benzoate? Evaporation Time, minutes Results 3-8 86% P 3040 67% P 60-70 64% P 120-130 57% P 200-210 93% O Solution D 2 g. Methyl nonyl ketone 1 g. p-Methyl acetophenone 7 g. Diethyl phthalate Solution E 2 g. Methyl nonyl ketone 1 g. p-Methyl acetophenone 7 g. Mineral oil Question: Which smells more like methyl nonyl ketone ?