376 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS These three ingredients were saponi- fled by bringing the temperature to 100øC. for one hour. After this had been done, the final emulsion was made with the following: 300 cc. of the above solution 100 cc. Mineral Oil (sp. gr. 0.845-O.855) 100 cc. Sesame Oil 5 cc. Aromatic chemicals or essential oils After dispersion for 15 minutes, each of the prepared 100-cc. emulsions was put aside for observation. Im- mediate separation was noticed with Phenylethyl Alcohol and Hydroxy- citronellal. After five days breaking occurred with Linalool, Amyl cin- namic Aidehyde, Terpineol, and Methyl Ionone. In the case of Methyl Anthranilate, discoloration appeared on the top of the emulsion and only slight creaming took place. In using essential oils in the same manner, breaking occurred in the following order: the first to separate was Rose de Mai second was Geranium third was Lavender and Sandalwood fourth was Neroli and fifth was Ylang Ylang. After four days, emulsions with Bergamot, Orange, Patchouly, and ¾etivert did not separate. The controls without perfume remained stable for five days. Experira ent II--Em ulsions ,• with Castile Soap 300 cc. Soap and water solu- tion (294: cc. distilled water and 6 gm. pow- dered soap) 100 cc. Mineral Oil 100 cc. Sesame Oil 5 cc. Aromatic chemicals or essential oils These ingredients were dispersed and stored as before. After one day's standing with Methyl An- thranilate, the oil floated to the top creaming occurred, and there was a yellow coloration. After two weeks the oil separated from the water in all samples. In general, soap was found to be satisfactory as an emulsi- fying agent for all synthetic chemi- cals with the exception of Benzyl Alcohol which destroyed the emul- sion. The soap emulsions with the essential oils lasted for more than 24: hours. The control without per- fume withstood breaking for five days. Experiment III--Emulsions with Duponol 300 cc. 0.507o Duponol ME water solution 100 cc. Mineral Oil 100 cc. Sesame Oil 5 cc. Aromatic chemicals or essential oils After dispersion, the effects noted were as follows: In all cases the Duponol solution produced slow breaking. After two hours, the sample with Hydroxy- citronellal was slightly separated and after two days, there was com- plete separation. The experiments . with essential oils resulted in satis- .:.• ,.. factory stability. The emulsions were as stable as the control. Con- sequently the essential oils did not ß produce any noticeable effect upon the stability of the Duponol emul- sions. .

? j Experiment Ik•--Emulsions with Lecithin 100 cc. Mineral Oil 90 cc. Sesame Oil 10 gin. Lecithin soybean dis- '"•'.": solved at 70øC. (!!?: ' in the two oils 300 cc. Distilled water 5 cc. Aromatic chemicals or •'•:':' essential oils i'!i:i'The emulsions with Phenylethyl Alcohol and Hydroxycitronellal were superior and lasted for five days. i:':.Emulsions with Linalyl Acetate, Geraniol, Linalool, Benzyl Alcohol, and Methyl Ionone were only stable for two days. Separation was im- mediate with Amyl Cinnamic Aide- hyde and Methyl Anthranilate. The emulsion with Bergamot .lasted five days as long as the control. The samples with other essential oils were stable only for two days. Experiment k•--Emulsions with Gum/irabic 300 cc. 5% Gum Arabic water solution 100 cc. Mineral Oil 100 cc. Sesame Oil 5 cc. Aromatic chemicals or essential oils After emulsification, immediate sep- aration was noted with Hydroxy- citrondial and Benzyl Alcohol. Dis- coloration occurred with Methyl Anthranilate, and creaming was observed. Amyl Cinnamic Aide- hyde and Methyl Ionone separated after three days. The emulsions in the controlling bottle lasted five days. The essential oils did not cause separation of emulsions with Gum Arabic. EFFECT OF CHEMICALS ON STABILITY OF EMULSIONS 377 EXPLANATION OF TABLE 1 1. Emulsions with Trierhanoi- amine Stearate without aromatic chemicals lasted five days. With the addition of Phenylethyl Alcohol, Hydroxycitronellal, and Geraniol, their life was short, less than one hour. With the remaining aro- matic chemicals, the emulsions stood for five days. Note the shortening of the life of the emulsions under the effect of the three chemicals. 2. The life of the emulsions with soap was lengthened from two to more than seven days by all the aromatic chemicals except Benzyl Alcohol and Methyl Anthranilate. 3. The life of the Duponol emul- sions was shortened to two days in comparison with four days in the case of the control. The Hydroxy- citrondial separated the emulsion after two hours. The life of this emulsion was shortened to two days with Linalyl Acetate, Geraniol, Linalool, Benzyl Alcohol and Methyl Ionone. No effect was ob- served with Phenylethyl Alcohol and Hydroxycitronellal. 4. The Gum Arabic emulsions were broken by Hydroxycitronellal and Benzyl Alcohol. EXPLANATION OF TABLE 2 1. The life of the Triethanolamine emulsions with Geranium, Laven- der, Sandalwood, and Rose de Mai was short, lasting only two hours. This is similar to the aromatic chem- icals of a rose character such as Phenylethyl Alcohol, and Geraniol. 2. The soap emulsions with most