DIRECTIONS FOR PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS 57 5.3. 5.5. differentiation between zeros and the letter 0 (or the small o) which often look the same when typewritten or handwritten. Superior and inferior positions should be clearly indicated. In general, equations and formulations should be clearly and carefully written, taking care to have all figures and symbols, especially in fractions and equations, in the alignment in which they are to be printed. Footnotes. These as distinct from literature references should be avoided as far as possible. Where they are essentiM, reference is made by the symbols * t • õ II ô in that order. 6. Illustrations All photographs should be black and white, glossy, and unmounted. Diagrams, graphs, charts, etc., should be about twice the final size required, and should be drawn in Indian ink on tracing paper, or on white drawing paper. All letterings and figures should be large enough to be capable of reduction to the required size. The following standard symbols should be used on line drawings since they are easily available to the printers. A A I [] O O O + x ,•, On the back of each illustration, photograph, etc., should be written the author's name and the figure number. Legends for the figures should be supplied on a separate sheet. 6.1. Each illustration, figure, graph, or chart, should be numbered con- secutively using Arabic numerals, e.g. Figure 1. 6.2. Tables should be numbered consecutively, using Roman numerals, e.g. Table I. 7. References The names of all the authors of papers to be cited should be given when reference is first made in the text. In cases where there are more than two authors subsequent citations should give the first-named author followed by the words et al underlined once. References should be indicated in the text by bracketed numbers, and the full reference should be given at the end of the paper in the following form. 7.1. Journals. It is essential that the authors' names and initials, the abbreviated title of the journal, the volume number, the page number, the month and year of publication should be given. Abbreviations of journals should be in accordance with the practice followed by Chemical Abstracts (cf. list of periodicals, abstracted by Chemical Abstracts). If access to that publication is not available then the name of the journal should be given in full.

JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS 7.2. Books. It is essential that the authors' names and initials, the full title of the book, the page number, the year of publication, the name and address of publishers should be given. 7.3. Patents. Only the patent number should be cited, e.g. Brit. Pat. 805,202. 7.4. Please note that in the typewritten manuscript 7.4.1. the abbreviated or full title of the journal, or the title of the pub- lished book, should be underlined once 7.4.2. the volume of the journal should be underlined twice 7.4.3. the month of publication, the year of publication, and the publisher in the case of books, should be bracketed independently of each other, e.g. (1) Fregert, S. Acta Dermato-Venereol. 40 206 (July) (1960). (2) Baer, R. L. in McKenna, R. M. B. Modern Trends in Dermatology 232 (1954) (Butterworths, London). If references are likely to be accessible only with difficulty, the inclusion of a suitable abstract reference is also desirable. Trade Names All trade names cited in the text should be underlined once. 9. Actmotoledgements Acknowledgements for permission to reproduce illustrations, photo- graphs, graphs, etc., should be listed at the end of the text. Acknowledge- ment to the author(s)' employers for permission to publish should not be made, because publication is deemed to indicate that such permission has been granted. 10. Proofs Page proofs will be sent to the first-named author for correction. In the interest of speedy publication galley proofs are no longer submitted to authors. The difficulty and expense involved in making corrections to page proofs makes it essential for authors to prepare their manuscripts carefully so that alteration is not required. 11. Reprints and Preprints The first-named author will automatically receive 25 reprints, or pre- prints where applicable, free of charge. Additional reprints must be ordered at the time the proofs are returned. January 1965.