Sanz
et
al.
–
2016
Experimental study
Uttwiler
Spatlauber,
Malus domestica
32
28
days
Humans
Skin
aging
Topical
application
of
serum
twice
daily
for
28
days.
Combined
with
urea,
creatine
and
palmitoyl tripeptide-38 (Ureadin
Fusion
Serum
Lift Antiarrugas,
ISDIN
S.A).
n/a
n/a
Dermscan
assessment demonstrated
a significant
mean
increase
in
dermal
density
of
27%
in
comparison
with
baseline evaluation
in
78%
of
subjects
on
day
28.. Cutometer evaluation
showed
a
significant
mean
increase
in
skin
elasticity
of
10%
at
28
days
in two-third
of
the
subjects
(p
0.05). Corneometer assessment showed
a significant increase
in
skin
hydration
of
13%
and
a
smoothing
effect,
with
a
decrease
in roughness
of approximately
4%
in
71%
of
subjects
after
28
days
(p
0.01).
This
product increased
oxygen consumption
and
cellular
ATP
level,
indicating
an
increase
in metabolism
in fibroblasts.
It
also significantly decreased
the production
of mitochodrial
reactive
oxygen
species
as
well
as
the
extracellular
lactate
level,
which
are
both
reactive
species
known
to
damage
the
skin.
None
Shin
et
al.
–
2014
Experimental study
not
specified
18
6
days
Humans/ Human
Cell Line
Skin
aging
Human:
Topical
gel
applied
once
to
forearm
HaCaT
Human Keratinocyte: replenished
with
1%
serum medium including phlorentin 3’,3’-disulfonate
post
UVB-irradiation
once.
Silica
gel
n/a
Placebo
(vehicle)
Reduced
UV-induced
erythema
Phloretin
3’,3-disulfonate
may
enhance
XPA
and
XPC
gene
expression,
which
plays
a
role
in
DNA nucleotide excision
repair.
Phloretin 3’,3-disulfonate
may
play
a
role
in
cellular
redox reactions
by preventing
the depletion
of glutathione (GSH).
None
(
)

Table
II
(
)
Data
Points
Collected
From
the
Papers
Relevant
to
the
Systematic
Review
Manuscript
Type
of
Study
Apple
Species
Sample Size
Study Duration
Subject Species
Study Objective
Application
Combined
with Anything?
Any
Additional Interesting
Ingredient
Processing
or formulation
specifics
Controls
Effects
on
Skin
Possible
Mechanisms
Side
effects/adverse
effects
Stojilijkovic
et
al.
–
2018
Clinical Study
Malus
sylvestris fructus
10
28
days
Human
Transepidermal
water
loss
Topical
cream applied
twice
daily
to
the forearm.
Two
biodegradeable,
alkyl- polyglucoside emulsifiers
in concentration
of
7%
and 1.5%.
n/a
Placebo
(vehicle)
Increased
skin electrical capacitance
and
no
change
in trans-epidermal
water
loss
Polyphenols
and
fruit
acids
found
in
wild
apple
fruit
extract
may directly
scavenge
and
neutralize
free
radicals
caused
by oxidative
stress,
inhibit
formation
of
new
free radicals,
and
activate antioxidant enzymes
None
Stojilijkovic
et
al.
–
2022
Experimental study
Malus
sylvestris fructus
17
28
days
Human
Transepidermal
water
loss
Topical
cream applied
twice
daily
to
the forearm.
n/a
Three
cosmetic
creams
were tested-each
had
a
different concentration
of
the
apple
fruit
extract.
CE6
had
6%
concentration
of
extract,
CE12
had
a
12% concentration,
and
CE15
had
15%.
Placebo
(vehicle)
Statistically significant increases
in electrical capacitance
were
recorded
from application
sites
of
all
three formulated dermocosmetic
creams
containing
the
wild
apple
fruit
extract
at
14
days
and
28
days
in
comparison
to
the
placebo
cream
and
non-treated
area
(p
0.05).
Polyphenols
and
fruit
acids
found
in
wild
apple
fruit
extract
may directly
scavenge
and
neutralize
free
radicals
caused
by oxidative stress,inhibit formation
of
new
free
radicals,
and
activate antioxidant enzymes.
None