347 Photoprotective Effects of Carotenoid
(21) Devyani M, Shraddha R, Bela N. Isolation and screening of antioxidant bacterial pigments from different
ecological niche. Int Res J Sci Engin. 2017 6:119–125.
(22) Gil MI, Tomas FA. Barberan, B. Hess-Pierce and A. A. Kader, Antioxidant capacities, phenolic
compounds, carotenoids and vitamin C contents of Nectarine, Peach and Plum cultivars from California.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 50:4976–4982.
(23) Schön MP, Schön M. Imiquimod: mode of action. Br J Dermatol. 2007 157(suppl 2):8–13. doi:10.1111/
j.1365-2133.2007.08265.x.
(24) Badyal DK, Modgill V, Kaur J. Computer simulation models are implementable as replacements for
animal experiments. Altern Lab Anim. 2009 37(2):191–195. doi:10.1177/026119290903700208.
(25) Xiong G, Wu Z, Yi J, et al. ADMETlab 2.0: an integrated online platform for accurate and comprehensive
predictions of ADMET properties. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 49(W1):W5–W14. doi:10.1093/nar/gkab255.
(26) Karthika P, Jayshree N. Formulation and evaluation of sunscreen cream containing flower extract of
Delonix regia. Int J Pharm Life Sci. 2013 1(16):111–129.
(27) Rasheed A, Shama SN, Mohanalakshmi S, Ravichandran V. Formulation, characterization and in
vitro evaluation of herbal sunscreen lotion. Orient Pharm Exp Med. 2012 12(4):241–246. doi:10.1007/
s13596-012-0069-z.
(28) Imam S, Azhar I, Mahmood ZA. In-vitro evaluation of sun protection factor of a cream formulation
prepared from extracts of Musa accuminata (L.), Psidium gujava (L.) and Pyrus communis (L.). Asian J
Pharm Clin Res. 2015 8(3):234–237.
(29) Donglikar MM, Deore SL. Development and evaluation of herbal sunscreen. Pharmacogn J. 2016 9(1):83–
97. doi:10.5530/pj.2017.1.15.
(30) Dutra EA, Oliveira ER, Kedor-Hackmann ERM, Santoro MIRM. Determination of sun protection
factor (SPF) of sunscreens by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Rev Bras Cienc Farm. 2004 40(3):381–385.
doi:10.1590/S1516-93322004000300014.
(31) Vertuani S, Ziosi P, Dal Toso R, Vicentini CB, Manfredini S. Dualistic properties of cosmetic
formulations based on phenylpropanoids from Ajuga reptans. J Cosmet Dermatol Sci Appl. 2013 3(3):64–72.
(32) Moyal D, Alard V, Bertin C, et al. The revised COLIPA in vitro UVA method. Int J Cosmet Sci.
2013 35(1):35–40. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00748.x.
(33) Lachman L, Lieberman HA, Kanig JL. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Lea &Febiger
1976:210–212.
(34) Smaoui S, Ben Hlima H, Ben Chobba I, Kadri A. Development and stability studies of sunscreen cream
formulations containing three photo-protective filters. Arab J Chem. 2017 10:S1216–S1222. doi:10.1016/j.
arabjc.2013.02.020.
(35) Agrapidis Paloympis LE, Nash RA, Shaath NA. The effect of solvents on the ultraviolet absorbance of
sunscreens. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1987 38:209–221.
(36) Kawaguchi Y, Tanaka H, Okada T, et al. Effect of reactive oxygen species on the elastin mRNA
expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997 23(1):162–165. doi:10.1016/
s0891-5849(96)00570-9.
(37) Baby AR, Maciel CP, Zague V, Kaneko TM, Consiglieri VO, Velasco MVR. Estabilidade de Produtos de
Aplicação tópica. Int. J. Pharm. Comp. 2004 6(3):130–139.
(38) Bussab WO, Morrettin PA. Estatística Básica. 5th ed:45–60, (Saraiva. São Paulo, Brasil 2017).
(39) Moraes CA, Arêas EP, Velasco MV. Assessment of functional stability of photoprotective formulations
containing rutin succinate. Cosmetics. 2017 4(3):27. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4030027.
(40) Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter
octylmethoxycinnamate. Biomed Dermatol. 2019 3(1):1–9.
(41) Tendulkar PA, Surve MA, Deodhar MA. Sun protective formulation from carotenoids extracted from
thermotolerant genera Synechocystis pevalekii. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2018 9(8):3223–3234.
(21) Devyani M, Shraddha R, Bela N. Isolation and screening of antioxidant bacterial pigments from different
ecological niche. Int Res J Sci Engin. 2017 6:119–125.
(22) Gil MI, Tomas FA. Barberan, B. Hess-Pierce and A. A. Kader, Antioxidant capacities, phenolic
compounds, carotenoids and vitamin C contents of Nectarine, Peach and Plum cultivars from California.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 50:4976–4982.
(23) Schön MP, Schön M. Imiquimod: mode of action. Br J Dermatol. 2007 157(suppl 2):8–13. doi:10.1111/
j.1365-2133.2007.08265.x.
(24) Badyal DK, Modgill V, Kaur J. Computer simulation models are implementable as replacements for
animal experiments. Altern Lab Anim. 2009 37(2):191–195. doi:10.1177/026119290903700208.
(25) Xiong G, Wu Z, Yi J, et al. ADMETlab 2.0: an integrated online platform for accurate and comprehensive
predictions of ADMET properties. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 49(W1):W5–W14. doi:10.1093/nar/gkab255.
(26) Karthika P, Jayshree N. Formulation and evaluation of sunscreen cream containing flower extract of
Delonix regia. Int J Pharm Life Sci. 2013 1(16):111–129.
(27) Rasheed A, Shama SN, Mohanalakshmi S, Ravichandran V. Formulation, characterization and in
vitro evaluation of herbal sunscreen lotion. Orient Pharm Exp Med. 2012 12(4):241–246. doi:10.1007/
s13596-012-0069-z.
(28) Imam S, Azhar I, Mahmood ZA. In-vitro evaluation of sun protection factor of a cream formulation
prepared from extracts of Musa accuminata (L.), Psidium gujava (L.) and Pyrus communis (L.). Asian J
Pharm Clin Res. 2015 8(3):234–237.
(29) Donglikar MM, Deore SL. Development and evaluation of herbal sunscreen. Pharmacogn J. 2016 9(1):83–
97. doi:10.5530/pj.2017.1.15.
(30) Dutra EA, Oliveira ER, Kedor-Hackmann ERM, Santoro MIRM. Determination of sun protection
factor (SPF) of sunscreens by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Rev Bras Cienc Farm. 2004 40(3):381–385.
doi:10.1590/S1516-93322004000300014.
(31) Vertuani S, Ziosi P, Dal Toso R, Vicentini CB, Manfredini S. Dualistic properties of cosmetic
formulations based on phenylpropanoids from Ajuga reptans. J Cosmet Dermatol Sci Appl. 2013 3(3):64–72.
(32) Moyal D, Alard V, Bertin C, et al. The revised COLIPA in vitro UVA method. Int J Cosmet Sci.
2013 35(1):35–40. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00748.x.
(33) Lachman L, Lieberman HA, Kanig JL. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. Lea &Febiger
1976:210–212.
(34) Smaoui S, Ben Hlima H, Ben Chobba I, Kadri A. Development and stability studies of sunscreen cream
formulations containing three photo-protective filters. Arab J Chem. 2017 10:S1216–S1222. doi:10.1016/j.
arabjc.2013.02.020.
(35) Agrapidis Paloympis LE, Nash RA, Shaath NA. The effect of solvents on the ultraviolet absorbance of
sunscreens. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1987 38:209–221.
(36) Kawaguchi Y, Tanaka H, Okada T, et al. Effect of reactive oxygen species on the elastin mRNA
expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997 23(1):162–165. doi:10.1016/
s0891-5849(96)00570-9.
(37) Baby AR, Maciel CP, Zague V, Kaneko TM, Consiglieri VO, Velasco MVR. Estabilidade de Produtos de
Aplicação tópica. Int. J. Pharm. Comp. 2004 6(3):130–139.
(38) Bussab WO, Morrettin PA. Estatística Básica. 5th ed:45–60, (Saraiva. São Paulo, Brasil 2017).
(39) Moraes CA, Arêas EP, Velasco MV. Assessment of functional stability of photoprotective formulations
containing rutin succinate. Cosmetics. 2017 4(3):27. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4030027.
(40) Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Antioxidants as stabilizers of UV filters: an example for the UV-B filter
octylmethoxycinnamate. Biomed Dermatol. 2019 3(1):1–9.
(41) Tendulkar PA, Surve MA, Deodhar MA. Sun protective formulation from carotenoids extracted from
thermotolerant genera Synechocystis pevalekii. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2018 9(8):3223–3234.
