82 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Lipsticks and make-up will be more permanent with greater coloring power and less irritation. Loose powder will be less messy and easier to apply. Great strides will be made in eye make-up and more universal usage will result. It also will be easier to apply with less penalty for poor applica- tion. It will be longer lasting and smearproof in the presence of water and other cosmetic items. Here again, silicone compounds may solve a basic problem. All such products will incorporate ingredients that can aid in the treat- ment of the skin with the other basic remedial items. Nail lacquers will be further developed to eliminate the need for under and top coats. One coat will suffice and give superior wearing qualities without deleteriously affecting the nail. In fact, ingredients may be added that would condition the keratinaceous material to eliminate the splitting and breaking of the nail. Many of the newer developments in cosmetic chemistry have been in the field of hair chemistry. Hair products comprise a major portion of the retail market and number products that were unknown to the industry 15 years ago. It is doubtful that such far-reaching innovations changing the consumers' habits will present themselves such as home permanent waving did in the past, but the changes that will be forthcoming in techniques and product improvement will be tremendous. The abuse to which women's crowning glory has been subjected will undoubtedly be eased soon. Improvements diminishing the degradation of the keratin will be accomplished. No longer will it be necessary to weaken the hair by excessively alkaline solutions to bleach or dye the hair. Dyes will be developed which by themselves or in combinations with palliative agents will be much less toxic. They will render obsolete the present twenty-four hour patch test. The use of hair dyes will then be in greater favor due to the ease of application. Consumers will change their hair coloring with much the same frequency as they do with nail lacquers. As with the skin, it is my belief that the study of the mechanism of pigmentation will disclose the method for the prevention of gray hair. Such a solution will most likely be solved by a product for internal con- sumption. But if its purpose is solely to "promote attractiveness" and has no other effect, does this make it less a cosmetic item ? Chemicals to curl and straighten the hair will likewise be developed that will not present the problem of over- or underprocessing. Work by Ghuy- sen (10) with proteolytic enzymes has already opened a new field for exploration. The problems of depilation or curling will be controlled by proper concentration, time and pH, but the activity will be so selective as to

LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 83 remove the current problems. These improved depilating agents will open a new vista for the masculine market. This may be the method that will emancipate man from the use of razors. The above statement relative to proteolytic enzymes is of course the approach by chemically active products but those types of products which condition hair by adsorption or adhesion will also improve. Film forming products will be of a more tenacious type and yet form a film that will not be apparent. These films will be more water- and vaporproof thereby guaranteeing a longer lasting hairdo, but they will be easily removed by specially developed detergent shampoos. These types of products will also be used by the male animal. This masculine market of course is also to be given your consideration. Matron (11) has recently disclosed that of the annual toiletties sales of $1,200,000,000, $275,000,000 were spent on toilet- des for men of which 10 per cent was for after-shave lotions alone. Matron stated that the average male uses more perfume products than does the female. Here again, we are in for a terrific increased sales of cosmetics if only by the increased population and discounting the fact that a greater number of cosmetic items are being used more frequently by men. Shampoos will be further developed to better condition the hair and leave it in a more manageable state. Also, they will be fungicidal and bac- tericidal in combatting those disorders of scalp, including dandruff, which are caused by such bodies. Here again, antibiotics will be well represented. The lone factor for which I cannot wax enthusiastic in the immediate future is one in which many of us are most personally concerned, that is, hair growth, or better stated, the lack of it. Heredity, at this stage, appears to be too great a factor to be overcome except by heroic measure such as studied by Hamilton (12). Whereas the hormonal approach may eventually overcome the heredity factors, this approach will best be left to the medical arts. I might cite a recent news- paper release concerning someone's purported injury due to the topical application of hormone substance. The Milwaukee •ourna/of Wednesday, October 31, 1956, indicated that a resident of that city had a one million dollar lawsuit against a scalp specialist due to "grossly negligent use of es- trogen hormone" rubbed into his scalp. He said he had a bald spot. One of the "physical changes" which he cited was "enlargement of the breasts." This, he said, caused him embarrassment among fellow employees. Those lesser number of cases where baldness results from diseases of the scalp will of course no longer be with us. Treatment by antibiotics and other improved fungicidal agents will suffice to eliminate this problem for the few. The last segment of our field that I wish to concern myself with is that dealing with oral hygiene. Here the pace has been so fast that it is difficult to prognosticate. Recent