IN VITRO PHOTOTOXICITY ASSAY 4.53 (12) F. N. Marzulli and H. I. Maibach, Perfume phototoxicity, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem.. 21, 695-715 (1970). (13) I. E. Kochevar, R. B. Armstrong, J. Finbinder, R. R. Walther, and L. C. Harber, Coal tar photo- toxicity active compounds and action spectra, Photothem. Photobtol., 36, 65-69 (1982). (14) R. Muller and J. C. Mitchell, Psoralen-type phototoxicity of tetramethylthiuram-monosulfate for candida albicans not for mouse or man, J. Invest. Dermatol., 56, 340 (1971). (15) F. Daniels, A simple microbiological method for demonstrating phototoxic compounds, J. Invest. Dermatol., 44, 259-263 (1965).

j. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 36, 435-440 (November/December 1985) The site of antiperspirant action by aluminum salts in the eccrine sweat olands of the axilla RICHARD P. QUATRALE, EILEEN L. THOMAS, and JAY E. BIRNBAUM, American Cyanamid Company, Shulton Skin Care Research Center, 697 Route 46, Clij9on, NJ 07015. Received August 5, 1985. Synopsis The relative sites of antiperspirant activity within human axillary eccrine sweat glands of aluminum chloro- hydrate (ACH), aluminum zirconlure chlorohydrate glycine complex (AZAP), and aluminum chloride (A1C10 were determined by the cellophane tape stripping procedure. Using the starch/iodine method, individual functioning sweat glands were identified prior to antiperspirant treatment, after treatment, and after tape stripping. As had been found earlier in studies of the eccrine sweat glands in the human forearm, A1CI 3 acted most deeply within the duct, whereas the sites of action for ACH and, particularly, AZAP were closer to the skin surface. On average, however, both ACH and AZAP appeared to inhibit perspiration outflow at a deeper level in more individual axillary sweat ducts than they did in forearm ducts. INTRODUCTION In an earlier study, the sites of antiperspirant action within human forearm eccrine sweat glands which had been inhibited by aluminum chlorohydrate (ACH), aluminum zirconium chlorohydrate glycine complex (AZAP), or aluminum chloride hexahydrate (A1CI•) were demonstrated. Comparison of starch/iodine-generated sweating patterns obtained before and after antiperspirant treatment and then after removal of the intra- corneal sweat ducts by the cellophane tape stripping procedure indicated that ACH, and particularly AZAP, functioned relatively superficially. Removal of the horny layer led to restoration of activity of most of the sweat glands previously inhibited by either of these two aluminum salts. In contrast, A1CI3's site of activity was shown to be deeper within the duct in that stripping caused virtually no restoration of sweat gland func- tion (1). The means by which aluminum antiperspirant salts, particularly the polymeric forms, inhibit sweating is believed to be by their forming a physical blockage within the ducts, as suggested by Relier and Luedders (2). Presumably, when this blockage is relatively superficial, tape stripping removes it and p•rmits the restoration of the excre- tory process. For AICI•, antiperspirant activity is also held to be based on the intra- ductal formation of these occlusive casts, as further described by Holzle and Kligman 435