AMINE OXIDES IN COSMETIC SYSTEMS Table XlI Formulation for Modified Skin Lotion 167 Control 2000 ppm Quat Ingredient Per Cent Isopropyl palmirate 35.0 35.0 Cetyl alcohol 1.0 1.0 Lanolin 1.0 1.0 C• DMAO 2.5 2.5 Quaternary (100%) ... 0.2 Water 60.5 60.3 Total 100.0 100.0 Table XIII Results of Primary Skin Irritation Studies with Modified Skin Lotion Av. Exposure Value Exposure No 2000 ppm Time (Hours) Quat Quat Erythema and eschar formation Intact skin Abraded skin 24 0 0 72 0 0 24 0 0 72 0 0 Edema formation Intact skin 24 0 0 72 0 0 Abraded skin 24 0 0 72 0 0 Primary irritation 0 0 SUMMARY In conclusion, we have shown that amine oxides can successfully be used as emulsifiers in cosmetic products. It is possible that one amine oxide can replace a number of surfactants in a specific system and perhaps at a lower total active level. The amine oxides do not present a problem from a toxico- logical viewpoint, and when formulated with inexpensive, readily available quaternary ammonium compounds as preservatives, freedom from microbio- logical attack is achieved. These systems, when properly formulated, are in- nocuous from an irritation potential. We hope that the information presented will be helpful to the formulator of cosmetic products and opens new areas for investigation. (Received October 16, 1974)

168 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS REFERENCES (1) Ammonyx Tertiary Amine Oxides, Bulletin, Onyx Chemical Co., Div. of Millmaster Onyx Corp., Jersey City, N.J. Aromax Amine Oxides, Bulletin, Amour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago, Ill. (2) S. L. Tuccio and F. C. Strome, Jr., Design and operations of a tunable continuous dye laser, Appl. Opt., 11, 64-73 (Jan. 1972). (3) I. G. Farben, U.S. Patent 2,169,976 (1939). (4) Procter and Gamble, U.S. Patent 3,202,714 (1965). (5) Procter and Gamble, U.S. Patent 3,223,647 (1965). (6) Ralph C. Harry, Harry's Cosmeticology, Chemical Publishing Co., New York, 1973, pp. 655-6 •. (7) J. c. Findlan, R. P. Sorrentino, R. L. Wakeman, U.S. Patent 3,296,145 (1967). (8) J. C. Findlan, R. P. Sorrentino, R. L. Wakeman, U.S. Patent 3,484,523 (1969).