DECOMPOSITION OF SURFACTANTS BY BACTERIA 83 TableY Resistivity of Cell and Enzyme to Environmental Condition Cell Enzyme o Heat X Survival 20% 60øC, 5minutes 80øC, 10minutes uv x o Survival 66% Irradiation 600•zw/cm 2, 5minutes 1700•zw/cm 2, 24hrs Alcohol 10% O Methyl Paraben 0.1% X Survival 40% 10% Alcohol CONCLUSION As a result of the investigation of microorganisms in deionized water for manufactur- ing cosmetics, bacteria in the range of 10 to 100,000 per ml were found in the storage tanks of deionized water. The difference in the contamination among the manufactur- ing plants was attributed to whether or not the tanks were installed with the immersed type U.V. lamps. With respect to the species of the bacteria, Pseudomonas--indigenous bacteria from deionized water--survived predominantly in most of the tanks. The strain was able to decompose a polysorbate-20 and the other ester-type S.A.A. by its endocellular esterase activity. It was found that the strain was killed by heat, U.V. irradiation and antibacterial agents, while the endocellular esterase of the strain was appreciably resistant to evironmental conditions such as heat, U.V. irradiation and ethyl alcohol (Table VI). Therefore, it is necessary to deactivate the esterase in purified water besides killing the bacteria. Since it is difficult to deactivate the esterase completely, because of its thermostability, production of the enzyme should be strictly controlled by controlling bacterial growth. In order to protect cosmetic products from the degradation (for example hazy phenomenon of a toilet water) due to contamina- tion of the bacteria in purified water, reasonable water purification system together with careful water storage must be established. We believe our studies on the characterization of specific water-borne bacteria will contribute to establishing these systems. REFERENCES (1) L. A. Carson, M. S. Favero, W. W. Bond and N.J. Peterson, Factors affecting comparative resistance of naturally occurring and subcultured Pseudomonas aeruginosa to disinfectants, Appl. Microbial., 23, 5, 863-869 (May 1972). (2) L. A. Carson, M. S. Favero, W. W. Bond and N.J. Peterson, Morphological, biochemical, and growth characteristics of Pseudomonas cepacia from distilled water, Appl. Microbial, 25, 3, 476-483 (Mar. 1972).

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