PATCH TEST UNIT 101 Table I Reactivities of Vehicles Readings KI-Chamber Al-test Finn Chamber Vehicles (after removal) - ?q- + ++ - ?+ + q- q- - ?+ + ++ Distilled water 1 hr 56 4 0 0 54 4 2 0 51 7 2 0 24 hr 60 0 0 0 59 I 0 0 60 0 0 0 White petrolatum 1 hr 60 0 0 0 57 3 0 0 58 2 0 0 24 hr 60 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 Olive oil 1 hr 60 0 0 0 58 2 0 0 56 4 0 0 24 hr 60 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 Total 1 hr 176 4 0 0 169 9 2 0 165 13 2 0 24 hr 180 0 0 0 179 1 0 0 180 0 0 0 Subjects: 60 young Japanese. Patch test: Closed patch test for 24 hr on the forearms. Symbols: - negative reaction ?+ doubtful reaction faint erythema + weak (non-vesicular) reaction erythema + + strong (vesicular) reaction erythema, infiltration, papules, vesicles. predetermined portion of the skin can be distinguished from the influence of the adhesive tape on the other portion of the skin, because the portion of the skin contacting the filter paper disc is spaced from the portion of the skin adhering to the peripheral edge portion of the adhesive tape through the protecting sheet. However, this is again an occlusive patch device which has limitations discussed previously. EXPERIMENTAL KI-Chamber was evaluated and compared with Al-test and Finn Chamber by assessing human responses to vehicles and irritants. Table II Reactivities of Irritants Irritants Readings KI-Chamber Al-test Finn Chamber (after removal) - ?+ + ++ - ?+ + ++ - ?+ + ++ Propylene glycog 1 hr 33 18 9 0 45 10 5 0 43 13 4 0 24 hr 59 ø 1 0 0 60 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 Jasmin oil 2 1 hr 44 13 3 0 48 9 3 0 53 7 0 0 24 hr 59 0 1 0 59 1 0 0 59 1 0 0 IP-Solvent 3 1 hr 27 11 21 1 40 8 11 1 45 8 6 1 24 hr 49 5 6 0 51 7 2 0 54 4 2 0 Total 1 hr 104 42 33 ! 133 27 19 1 141 28 10 1 24 hr 167 6 7 0 170 8 2 0 173 5 2 0 Subjects: 60 young Japanese. Patch test: Closed patch test for 24 hr on the forearms. Symbols: - negative reactiota ?+ doubtful reaction faint erythema + weak (non-vesicular) reaction erythema + + strong (vesicular) reaction erythema, infiltration, papules, vesicles. •Propylene glycol: 20% propylene glycol in distilled water. 2Jasmin oil: 5% jasmin oil in white petrolatum. 3IP-Solvent: 50% IP-Solvent in olive oil.

102 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Table III Comparison of KI-Chamber and Finn Chamber Comparison Items KI-Chamber Finn Chamber Chemical components A1 99.8% 99.6% Fe 0.003% 0.30% Si 0.002% 0.13% Cu 0.002% 0.01% Mn trace trace Mg trace trace gn trace trace Ti trace trace Inner diameter 10.3 mm 8.0 mm Tesing area 83.3 mm 2 50.2 mm 2 Depth 0.7 mm 0.5 mm Testing volume 58.3 3tl 25.1 Filter paper disc (thick) 0.6 mm 0.4 mm Protecting sheet (thick) 0.7 mm Not used PATCH TEST UNITS KI-Chamber (U.S.P. 4158359, Kanebo Ltd., Japan), Al-test (Imeco Astra Agency Co., Sweden) and Finn Chamber (Epitest Ltd., Finland) were used in this study. ADHESIVE TAPE Micropore surgical tape (3M Company, U.S.A.) was used for the adhesive tape. TEST MATERIALS Distilled water, white petrolatum (J.p. IX) and olive oil (J.p. IX) were used to determine the reactivities of the vehicles. 20% propylene glycol (J.P. IX) in distilled water, 5% jasmin oil (Jasmin absolute, Comoroes) in white petrolatum (J.P. IX) and IP-Solvent (Iso-paraffinic hydrocarbon, Idemitsu Kusan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) in olive oil (J.P. IX) were tested to determine the reactivities of irritants. SUBJECTS Sixty healthy young Japanese were tested. PATCH TEST METHODS Three kinds of patch test units, KI-Chamber, Al-test and Finn Chamber, were placed on the Micropore surgical tape. The test sample was applied to the KI-Chamber with 10 •tl, Al-test with 10 •tl and Finn Chamber with 25 •tl by 1 ml glass syringe if it was in petrolatum. If the test sample was in solution, it was applied to the KI-Chamber with 40 •tl, Al-test with 40 •tl and Finn Chamber with 20 •tl by a micropipette. The patch test