CHANGES IN STRATUM CORNEUM 117 Figure 6. Relative change of moisture factor (treated vs. control-•cycle 2) during one week of daily treatments, January-February 1990. Table VII Mean a* Values (S.D.) of Treated Sites in Test Cycle 1 During One Week of Daily Treatments, October-November 1989• Baseline Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Final 6.41 8.12 8.66 • 10.31 • 13.84 • 16.85 • 10.95 • SLS (1.12) (1.08) (0.45) (1.50) (2.42) (3.10) (1.38) 7.21 7.22 7.29 7.62 7.81 7.99 8.02 SLES (1.07) (1.09) (1.11) (0.86) (0.60) (0.54) (0.45) 6.79 7.03 6.88 6.88 6.70 7.02 6.34 Tallowate (1.20) (1.32) (1.21) (0.82) (0.79) (1.06) (0.85) Each value is the mean of six subjects. Represents a significant difference at p -- 0.05 level from the baseline value within each subgroup. No statistical differences in L* values were detected in the sites patched with either SLES, PEG-20 glyceryl monotallowate, or water during both test cycles. CLINICAL GRADINGS Tables XI and XII show the mean clinical scores with standard deviations for erythema, scaling, and fissuring for each of the three subgroups in test cycles ! and 2, respectively.

118 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Table VIII Mean a* Values (S.D.) of Treated Sites in Test Cycle 2 During One Week of Daily Treatments, January-February 19907 Baseline Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Final 6.53 8.00 • 8.99 • 14.36 •'2 16.69 • 20.13 • 13.43 •'2 SLS (0.84) (0.90) (1.04) (2.41) (1.55) (1.96) (2.14) 6.25 6.41 6.47 6.67 7.00 6.87 6.43 SLES (0.49) (0.64) (0.46) (0.39) (1.48) (0.60) (0.88) Tallowate 6.39 6.44 6.02 6.08 6.14 5.94 6.14 (0.93) (1.08) (0.58) (0.48) (0.93) (0.49) (1.07) Each value is the mean of six subjects. Represents a significant difference at p = 0.05 level from the baseline value within each subgroup. Represents a significant difference at p = 0.05 level from the previous day within each subgroup. Surfac[an[ it0-- //• ioo-- 90-- o SLS 80-- 70-- 60-- 50-- 40 - - x SLES 30-- 20-- -iO .- Day! Day:= Day3 Oey4 Oey5 Fine[ Eva[ua•:'lon •: 'lm e i Figure 7. Relative change of redness (treated vs. control-•cycle 1) during one week of daily treatments, October-November 1989. The clinical grades were recorded from direct observation of the panelists' arms. In test cycle 1, with SLS, significant increases in erythema and scaling scores were noted after three days (six 45-minute SLS patches), and a significant increase in fissuring score was observed at the last day of the patch week. In test cycle 2, the changes occurred one day earlier. When the scores of the two test cycles were compared, erythema scores were significantly higher in test cycle 2 at days 2, 3, 4, and 5 as compared to test cycle 1 scores. With respect to both scaling and fissuring scores,a significant difference was