174 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Table II Sulphonamide-Derived Oral Antidiabetics and Diuretics That Have Been Investigated for Phototoxicity In Vitro In vitro assay Test substance Phototoxic Reference Photohemolysis Candida growth inhibition Trichophyton growth inhibition 3H-Thymidine-uptake test Tissue culture model Tolbutamide + 20 Benzylhydrochlorothiazide + 15 Hydrochlorothiazide + / - ! 5/20 Methiclothiazide + 15 Penflutizide + 15 Furosemide - 20 Tolbutamide - 21 Acetazolamide - 22 Hydrochlorothiazide - 20 Chlorothiazide - 21 Tolbutamide + 23 Chlorothiazide - 23 Hydrochlorothiazide - 23 Methiclothiazide - 23 Trichlormethiazide - 23 Chlorpropamide + / - 24/20 Hydrochlorothiazide + 20 Furosemide + 24 Tolbutamide + 25 Hydrochlorothiazide + 25 photosensitizers were phototoxic in our assay. This demonstrates the importance of utilizing different in vitro models as well as in vivo procedures, such as animal testing, before final conclusions can be drawn. In addition, this cell culture may be used for mechanism studies with antioxidants, and in the search for the subcellular target of the photosensitizers by means of electronmicroscopic investigation. REFERENCES (1) N. Loprieno, Guidelines for safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients in the EC countries. Fd. Chem. Toxic., 30, 809-815 (1992). (2) G. Domagk, Ein Beitrag zur Chemotherapie der bakteriellen Infektionen, Deutsche med. Wochenschr., 61, 250-253 (1935). (3) I. J. Frank, Dermatitis from sulfanilamide, JAMA, 109, 1011-1012 (1937). (4) J. G. Menville and J. J. Archinard, Skin eruptions in patients receiving sulfanilamide, JAMA, 109, 1008-1009 (1937). (5) B. A. Newman and H. Sharlit, Sulfanilamide, a photosensitizing agent of the skin, JAMA, 109, 1036-1037 (1937). (6) R. Toeliner, lllustrierte Geschichte der Medizin (Andreas & Andreas Verlagsbuchhandel, Salzburg, 1986). (7) W. Burckhardt, K. Schwarz-Speck, and M. Schwarz-Speck, Photoallergie durch Nadisan (Carbuta- mid), Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr., 87, 954-956 (1957). (8) A. L. Norins, Chlorothiazide drug eruption involving photosensitization, Arch. Dermatol., 79, 592 (1959).

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