100 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE DC Q2-5200 than in Abil WE 09. Our findings show that the addition of glycerine at a proportion of 50% or greater increases substantiveness and provides the best properties of hydration when used with the surfactants DC Q2-5200 or Abil WE 09. Glycols can further influence these properties of the surfactant. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Karen Shashok for translating parts of the original manuscript into English. REFERENCES (1) j. Smid-Korbar, J. Krist, and S. Srcic, Polydimethylsiloxane oil in ointments, Pharm. J. Slovenia, 37, 86-90 (1986). (2) D. Schiifer and P. Hameyer, Evolucidn de la Qu/mica de la Silicona y Su Aplicaci•n Cosmgtica (T. H. Goldschmidt, S. A. Jornada T•cnica, Madrid, 1990). (3) A. Nieto Garcfa-Valdecasas, A. del Pozo Carrascosa, and A. Roda, Nuevas Tendencias de formulaci6n de preparados t6picos: Emulsiones A/S, Acofar, 331, 40•i2 (1995). (4) C. O. F. Bizkaia, Formulacidn Magistral de Medicamentos (Colegio Oficial de Farmac•uticos, Bizkaia, 1993). (5) C.D. Vaughan, Using solubility parameters in cosmetics formulation, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 36, 319-333 (1985). (6) M. A. Ruiz, A. Hernandez, A. Parera, and V. Gallardo, Dimethylsiloxane polymers: Vaporization rate test/freezing temperatures, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 46, 175-180 (1995). (7) Norma DIN 53170, Bestimmung der Verdunstungszahl (April 1977). (8) Norma UNE 55-902-85, Agentes de superficie. CDU 661.187:543.71 (1985). (9) Pharmacopea Europea, 2nd ed., V.4.5.5, Parte I (Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, 1988). (10) R. Voigt and M. Bornschein, Tratado de Tecnolog/a Farmacgutica, Emulsiones (Editorial Acribia, Zara- goza, 1982). (11) F. Puisieux and M. Seiller, Agents de Surface et Emulsions (Les Systgmes Dispersgs). Technique et Documentation (Lavoisier, 1973). P. Sherman and T. Wall (& Sons), Rheology of Emulsions (Pergamon Press, 1963). A. R. Gennaro et al., Remington Farmacia, 17th ed., Vol 1 (Medica Panamericana, Buenos Aires, 1987). W. Liang, Th. F. Tadros, and P. F. Luckham, Rheological properties of concentrated sterically stabi- lized latex dispersions in the presence of hydroxyethyl cellulose,J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 160, 183-189 (1993). L. L. Berga et al., Hemorreolog/a. Bases Tegricas y Aplicaciones Cloenicas (Editorial Salvat S. A., Barcelona, 1983). Introduccidn a la Viscosimetr/a Prdctica (Gebrtider Haake GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany, 1984). K. E. Lewis and C. Robinson, The interaction of dodecylsulfate with methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 32, 539-546 (1970). (12) (13) 04) (15) (16) (17)

Cosmet. Sci., 49, 101-113 (March/April 1998) Evaluation of the effect of surfactants on the blood-cleansing ability of sodium chloride solutions MARTIN E. CHANDLER, JUDY BATEMAN, and THOMAS G. WOOD, Research and Development Department, C. B. Fleet Co. Inc., 4615 Murray Place, Lynchburg, VA 24506. Received for publication March 23, 1998. Synopsis This study investigated the effect of three different surfactants on the blood-cleansing ability of sodium chloride solutions. Three surfactants, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC1), and decyl glucoside, and three sodium chloride solutions, 0.9% sodium chloride, 2.0% sodium chloride, and a sodium chloride-based douche solution, were used. The cleansing was based on the percent blood removal from a cloth. In all three sodium chloride solutions, the surfactant interacts, altering the blood-cleansing ability of the sodium chloride solutions. SLS, CPC1, and decyl glucoside lowered the blood cleansing ability of the sodium chloride solutions, although the decyl glucoside can be used effectively, in lower concentra- tions, with sodium chloride solutions. INTRODUCTION Physiological saline is used as a biological cleanser and irrigant because its isotonic nature makes it compatible with body fluids and tissues therefore, red blood cells can be suspended in it without being lysed (1). Surfactants are also effective cleansing agents for both biological and non-biological substances because they separate particles from surfaces and allow them to be washed away by the solution (2). Theoretically, if sodium chloride solutions and the ideal surfactant could be combined in the proper proportion, a powerful all-purpose cleanser could be produced. Research has shown that salt inhibits a surfactant's cleansing ability, but there is little information on how surfactants affect the biological cleansing of sodium chloride solutions (3). By studying the influence of several surfactants on sodium chloride solutions, the interaction between the two substances when used to remove blood and other biological materials can be observed. If properly controlled, a solution could use both sodium chloride and surfactant to provide a biological and non-biological cleansing. The ulti- mate goal of this research is to demonstrate how surfactants affect the cleansing abilities of sodium chloride solutions. Sodium lauryl sulfate, CH3(CH2)•oCH2OSO3Na, in aqueous solution, carries its surface- active properties as anions therefore it is referred to as an anionic surfactant. It is a lol