108 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE The same effect can be seen in the douche solution (Figure 6). The CPC1 is able to ionize in the acidic solution and is capable of lysing the blood cells, but the majority of blood cleansing is carried out by the sodium chloride in this solution. Part of the decreased cleansing with increased concentrations of CPCI could be the cationic substantivity to the fabric. DECYL GLUCOSIDE The decyl glucoside/sodium chloride results differ from the other solutions because the concentrations had to be higher than those of SLS or CPC1. The decyl glucoside would not dissolve in the sodium chloride solutions below 0.09% because at this concentration and below, the micelies are unable to form and the nonionic decyl glucoside molecules are suspended in solution. At lower concentrations, the solutions appear cloudy because lOO 80-- 70 60 - 50- 40 30 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 % CPCl ß NaCI Solution/CPCl O DI Water ß DI Water/CPCl Figure 5. 2% NaC1/CPC1 solutions.

SURFACTANTS AND BLOOD CLEANSING BY SLS SOLUTIONS 109 100 J 50- 40- 30 0.00 I I I 0.01 0.02 0.03 % SLS ß l:)cuf•L-"P• 0 DI Wfdnr m DIW•l Figure 6. Sodium chloride-based douche/CPC1 solutions. the surfactant is salted out of solution. Decyl glucoside is a nonionic surfactant that does not ionize in the solution, but like SLS and CPC1, it is able to compete with the blood cells for the water molecules once micelies have formed. The micelles formed by decyl glucoside are able to attract water because of the polar glucose groups on the molecules. Decyl glucoside in deionized water (darkened square, Figure 7) is able to cleanse 76% of the blood, an amount almost identical to that of the 74% cleansed by aleionized water alone. In the lower concentrations (below 0.09%), the cleansing accomplished by these solutions is by the sodium chloride in solution. The cleansing decreases over the next two concentrations (0.11% and 0.15%) because the decyl glucoside is able to lyse the cells before the sodium chloride can remove them from the cloth, and the denatured cellular material is then only partially cleansed (Figures 7, 8). As the decyl glucoside increases, the cleansing rises over the next three concentrations (0.175%, 0.20%, and 0.30%)