110 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 90 80- 50- •0 m •0 I I I I I 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 % Dec'• Glucoslde O DI Wmlim' Figure 7. 0.9% NaC1/decyl glucoside solutions. (Figures 7, 8). At the lowest and highest concentrations, the decyl glucoside does not inhibit the blood cleansing, but in fact, it seems that it and sodium chloride are an effective team in cleansing the blood. In the douche solution (Figure 9), the cleansing does decrease slightly, but the reduction is not as drastic as seen in the other sodium chloride solutions. Since decyl glucoside is a nonionic surfactant, the pH of the acidic douche solution does not affect its cleansing ability. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the blood cleansing ability of the surfactants is inferior to that of the sodium chloride solutions. Sodium chloride removes the blood by lifting the entire cell from the

SURFACTANTS AND BLOOD CLEANSING BY SLS SOLUTIONS 111 lOO 8o o 70 E o 60 o 5O 4O 3O 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 % Decyl Glucoside 0,25 ß NaC1 Solution/Decyl Glucoside ¸ DI Water [] DI Water/Dccyl Glucoside Figure 8. 2.0% NaC1/decyl glucoside solutions. 0.30 surface of the cloth. The surfactants lyse the blood cells, denature the cellular material, and remove the material by carrying it away with their micelies. The two cleansing methods vary greatly, and the percentage blood removal can fluctuate as the surfactant concentration is increased within a solution (8, 9). At low concentrations of the surfactant, the majority of the cleansing is done by the sodium chloride. As the surfactant concentration rises, the cleansing is affected by the interaction between the surfactant and sodium chloride in solution. At this point, there is a transition between the cleansing by sodium chloride and that by the surfactant. When one looks at the figures, one notes that the transition is denoted by a general decrease in cleansing and a large standard deviation. Cleansing by sodium chloride is quite gentle, but the cleansing by the surfactant involves lysing the cells and removing