229 ENDOLICHENIC FUNGI EXTRACTS
(40) Zhao L, Kim JC, Paik MJ, Lee WJ, Hur JS. A multifunctional and possible skin UV protectant,
(3R)-5-hydroxymellein, Produced by an Endolichenic Fungus Isolated from Parmotrema austrosinense.
Molecules. 2016 22(1):26. doi:10.3390/molecules22010026.
(41) Samanthi KAU, Wickramarachchi S, Wijeratne EMK, Paranagama PA. Two new bioactive polyketides
from Curvularia trifolii, an endolichenic fungus isolated from Usnea sp, in Sri Lanka. J Natn Sci
Foundation Sri Lanka. 2015 43(3). doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v43i3.7950.
(42) Poornima S, Ponmurugan P, Gnanamangai BM, Gayathri G, Dheenadhayalan K, Ayyappadasan G.
Screening of biologically potent endolichenic fungi isolated from selected lichens habitat on silver oak
tree. Vegetos. 2018 31(3):89–94. doi:10.5958/2229-4473.2018.00078.2.
(43) Samanthi KAU, Wickramarachchi S, Wijeratne EMK, Paranagama PA. Two new bioactive polyketides
from Curvularia trifolii, an endolichenic fungus isolated from Usnea sp, in Sri Lanka. J Natn Sci
Foundation Sri Lanka. 2015 43(3):217. doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v43i3.7950.
(44) Aoussar N, Rhallabi N, Ait Mhand RA, et al. Seasonal variation of antioxidant activity and phenolic
content of Pseudevernia furfuracea, Evernia prunastri and Ramalina farinacea from Morocco. J Saudi Soc
Agric Sci. 2020 19(1):1–6. doi:10.1016/j.jssas.2018.03.004
(45) Gautam VS, Singh A, Kumari P, et al. Phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of an
endophytic fungus nigrospora sphaerica (EHL2), inhabiting the medicinal plant Euphorbia hirta (dudhi)
L. Arch Microbiol. 2022 204(2):140. doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02650-7
(46) Sun protection factor (SPF). Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Accessed April 2, 2023. https://www.
fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/sun-protection-factor-spf. Food and Drug
Administration.
(47) Ratnasooriya WD, Pathirana RN, Dissanayake AS, Samanmali BLC, Desman PK. Evaluation of in-vitro
sun screen activities of salt marshy plants Suaeda monoica, Suaeda maritima and Halosarcia indica. Int J
Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2016 5(2):15–20.
(48) Morocho-Jácome AL, Freire TB, De Oliveira AC, et al. In vivo SPF from multifunctional sunscreen
systems developed with natural compounds-A review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 20(3):729–737. doi:10.1111/
jocd.13609
(49) Varol M. Lichens as a promising source of unique and functional small molecules for human health and
Well-Being. In: Stud Nat Prod Chem. 2019:425–458. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64181-6.00012-7
(50) Tripathi AH, Negi N, Gahtori R, et al. A review of Anti-Cancer and related properties of Lichen-
Extracts and metabolites. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2022 22(1):115–142. doi:10.2174/1871520621666
210322094647
(51) Majchrzak-Celińska A, Kleszcz R, Studzińska-Sroka E, et al. Lichen secondary metabolites inhibit the
WNT/Β-Catenin pathway in glioblastoma cells and improve the anticancer effects of temozolomide.
Cells. 2022 11(7):1084. doi:10.3390/cells11071084
(52) Legouin B, Lohézic-Le Dévéhat FLL, Ferron S, et al. Specialized metabolites of the lichen Vulpicida
pinastri act as photoprotective agents. Molecules. 2017 22(7):1162. doi:10.3390/molecules22071162
(53) Rancan F, Rosan S, Boehm K, et al. Protection against UVB irradiation by natural filters extracted from
lichens. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2002 68(2–3):133–139. doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(02)00362-7
(54) Lohézic-Le Dévéhat FLL, Legouin B, Couteau C, Boustie J, Coiffard L. Lichenic extracts and metabolites
as UV filters. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2013 120:17–28. doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.01.009
(55) Zhao L, Kim JC, Hur JS. 7-Hydroxy-2-octenoic acid-ethyl ester mixture as an UV protectant secondary
metabolite of an endolichenic fungus isolated from Menegazzia terebrata. Arch Microbiol. 2022 204(7):395.
doi:10.1007/s00203-022-02997-5
(56) Ebrahimzadeh MA, Enayatifard R, Khalili M, Ghaffarloo M, Saeedi M, Yazdani Charati J. Correlation
between sun protection factor and antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some medicinal
plants. Iran J Pharm Res. published January 1, 2014 13(3):1041–1047. PubMed: 25276206. https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177626/.
(57) Zaidi KU. Microarray as high throughput tool for tyrosinase gene expression analysis. MOJ Proteom
Bioinform. 2017 6(2):250–253. doi:10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00190
(40) Zhao L, Kim JC, Paik MJ, Lee WJ, Hur JS. A multifunctional and possible skin UV protectant,
(3R)-5-hydroxymellein, Produced by an Endolichenic Fungus Isolated from Parmotrema austrosinense.
Molecules. 2016 22(1):26. doi:10.3390/molecules22010026.
(41) Samanthi KAU, Wickramarachchi S, Wijeratne EMK, Paranagama PA. Two new bioactive polyketides
from Curvularia trifolii, an endolichenic fungus isolated from Usnea sp, in Sri Lanka. J Natn Sci
Foundation Sri Lanka. 2015 43(3). doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v43i3.7950.
(42) Poornima S, Ponmurugan P, Gnanamangai BM, Gayathri G, Dheenadhayalan K, Ayyappadasan G.
Screening of biologically potent endolichenic fungi isolated from selected lichens habitat on silver oak
tree. Vegetos. 2018 31(3):89–94. doi:10.5958/2229-4473.2018.00078.2.
(43) Samanthi KAU, Wickramarachchi S, Wijeratne EMK, Paranagama PA. Two new bioactive polyketides
from Curvularia trifolii, an endolichenic fungus isolated from Usnea sp, in Sri Lanka. J Natn Sci
Foundation Sri Lanka. 2015 43(3):217. doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v43i3.7950.
(44) Aoussar N, Rhallabi N, Ait Mhand RA, et al. Seasonal variation of antioxidant activity and phenolic
content of Pseudevernia furfuracea, Evernia prunastri and Ramalina farinacea from Morocco. J Saudi Soc
Agric Sci. 2020 19(1):1–6. doi:10.1016/j.jssas.2018.03.004
(45) Gautam VS, Singh A, Kumari P, et al. Phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of an
endophytic fungus nigrospora sphaerica (EHL2), inhabiting the medicinal plant Euphorbia hirta (dudhi)
L. Arch Microbiol. 2022 204(2):140. doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02650-7
(46) Sun protection factor (SPF). Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Accessed April 2, 2023. https://www.
fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/sun-protection-factor-spf. Food and Drug
Administration.
(47) Ratnasooriya WD, Pathirana RN, Dissanayake AS, Samanmali BLC, Desman PK. Evaluation of in-vitro
sun screen activities of salt marshy plants Suaeda monoica, Suaeda maritima and Halosarcia indica. Int J
Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2016 5(2):15–20.
(48) Morocho-Jácome AL, Freire TB, De Oliveira AC, et al. In vivo SPF from multifunctional sunscreen
systems developed with natural compounds-A review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 20(3):729–737. doi:10.1111/
jocd.13609
(49) Varol M. Lichens as a promising source of unique and functional small molecules for human health and
Well-Being. In: Stud Nat Prod Chem. 2019:425–458. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64181-6.00012-7
(50) Tripathi AH, Negi N, Gahtori R, et al. A review of Anti-Cancer and related properties of Lichen-
Extracts and metabolites. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2022 22(1):115–142. doi:10.2174/1871520621666
210322094647
(51) Majchrzak-Celińska A, Kleszcz R, Studzińska-Sroka E, et al. Lichen secondary metabolites inhibit the
WNT/Β-Catenin pathway in glioblastoma cells and improve the anticancer effects of temozolomide.
Cells. 2022 11(7):1084. doi:10.3390/cells11071084
(52) Legouin B, Lohézic-Le Dévéhat FLL, Ferron S, et al. Specialized metabolites of the lichen Vulpicida
pinastri act as photoprotective agents. Molecules. 2017 22(7):1162. doi:10.3390/molecules22071162
(53) Rancan F, Rosan S, Boehm K, et al. Protection against UVB irradiation by natural filters extracted from
lichens. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2002 68(2–3):133–139. doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(02)00362-7
(54) Lohézic-Le Dévéhat FLL, Legouin B, Couteau C, Boustie J, Coiffard L. Lichenic extracts and metabolites
as UV filters. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2013 120:17–28. doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.01.009
(55) Zhao L, Kim JC, Hur JS. 7-Hydroxy-2-octenoic acid-ethyl ester mixture as an UV protectant secondary
metabolite of an endolichenic fungus isolated from Menegazzia terebrata. Arch Microbiol. 2022 204(7):395.
doi:10.1007/s00203-022-02997-5
(56) Ebrahimzadeh MA, Enayatifard R, Khalili M, Ghaffarloo M, Saeedi M, Yazdani Charati J. Correlation
between sun protection factor and antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some medicinal
plants. Iran J Pharm Res. published January 1, 2014 13(3):1041–1047. PubMed: 25276206. https://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177626/.
(57) Zaidi KU. Microarray as high throughput tool for tyrosinase gene expression analysis. MOJ Proteom
Bioinform. 2017 6(2):250–253. doi:10.15406/mojpb.2017.06.00190
