AEROSOL EMULSIONS AND FOAMS 101 Microscopic examination of the aerosol emulsions during discharge up to 75% of the product indicated that the emulsified propcllant droplets de- creased both in concentration and size in order to maintain equilibrium be- tween propcllant concentration in the liquid and vapor phases. The average bubble size of the corresponding foams also decreased accordingly, that from the excess tricthanolaminc system being much more definite. An interesting phenomenon is that the range of diameters of the bubbles appeared to in- crease with discharge, in contrast to the decrease in average bubble size. (Received May 15, 1972) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (•S) (19) ½o) (21) PREFERENCES Sanders, P. A., Principles' of Aerosol Technology, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., N.Y., 1970, Chap. 17, 18, and 19. Auksburger, L. L, and Shangraw, B. F.• Buhble size analysis of high consistency aero- sol foams and its relationship to foam rheology, J. Pharm. Sci., 57, No. 4 (April 1968). Augsburger, L. L., Aerosol shave cream evaluation, Soap Chem. Spec., 44 (February 1968). Richman, M.D., and Shangraw, R. F., Rheological evaluation o[ pressurized foams. I. Methods of testing and effect of formulation variables, Aerosol Age, 11, No. 7 and No. 8 (1966). Richman, M. D., and Shangraw, R. F., A study of pressurized foams with emphasis on theological evaluation. II. Foam stability and effect of shear, Ibid., 11, No. 9 (1966). Carter, P., and Traux, H. M., A study of aerosol shaving eream using statistical exper- imental design, Proc. Sci. Sec. Toilet Goods Ass., 35, 37-44 (1961). Richman, M.D., Contractor, A., and Shangraw, R. F., Aerosol foams: the elimination of container emptying effects, Aerosol Age, 13, 31-88 (March 1968). Sanders, P. A., Molecular complex formation in aerosol emulsions and foams, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 17, 801 (1966). MeBain, J. W., and Field, M. C., Phase rule equilibrium of acid soaps, J. Phys. Chem., 37, 75 (1933). Atkins, F., Pearliness in creams, Perrum. Essent. Oil Rec., 25, 332 (1934). Kohlhaas, R., The structure of crystalline aliphatic compounds: X-ray investigation of an acid sodium palmirate, Chem. Bet., 82, 487 (1949). Schwartz, A.M., Perry• J. W., and Berch, J., Surface Active Agents and Detergents, Vol. II, Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1958, p. 450. Kung, H. C., and Goddard, ED., Molecular association in fatty acid potassium soap systems, II, ]. Colloid Interface Sci., 29, 242 (1967). Schulman, J. H., and Cockbain, E.G., Molecular interactions at oil/water interfaces, Trans. Faraday Soc., 36, 51 (1940). Sanders, P. A., Stiffness measurement of aerosol foams, Aerosol Age, 8, No. 7, 33 (1963). Sanders, P. A., Aerosol foams, Ibid., 14, No. 9 (19•9). Levy, E., The Gillette Co., Boston, Mass., Personal communication, 1972. Edmundson, I. C., Particle Size Analysis, in Bean, H. S., Bechett, A. H., and Carless, J. E., Advances in Pharmaceutical Science, Vol. 2, Academic Press, New York, 1967. York, J. L., Thermodynamics of spray formation, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 7, 204 (1956). Wiener, M. V., How to formulate aerosols to obtain the desired spray characteristics, Ibid., 9, 289 (1958). Davies, J. T., and Rideal, E. K., Interfacial Phenomena, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, New York and London, 1963.

102 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Society of Cosmetic Chemists Medal Award to Sylvan H. Newburger The Society of Cosmetic Chemists presented its 1972 Medal Award to Dr. Sylvan Newburger, retired Chief of the Cosmetics Branch, Division of Colors and Cosmetics Technology, Bureau of Foods, FDA. The Medal Award, the Society's highest honor was presented to Dr. Newburger in recognition for the contributions he has made in analytical technology during his 35 years of service with the Food and Drug Administration. The formal presentation was made at the December 11th luncheon during the Society's annual meeting by Dr. Martin Rieger, SCC President, and Mr. David Miller, a long-time associate at the FDA, acted as Eulogist. Left to right: Society President Martin M. Rieger, Medalist Sylvan H. Newburger, Mrs. Sylvan H. Newburger, Eulogist David Miller, and Medal Award Committee Chairman Henry Maso