240 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
ETHICAL APPROVAL
The safety test was carried out in Osmum Biological Co., Ltd, Huzhou, China. Before
the study, each of the participants signed a copy of the informed consent. The protocol of
the 24-hour patch test passed review by the Ethical Commission of Osmum Biological
Co., Ltd. The 56-day clinical research was carried out in SGS Testing Center, Shanghai,
China. The research protocol was examined and approved by the SGS Ethics Committee
for Clinical Research. Benefits, risks, and potential complications were explained to the
subjects, and informed written consent was obtained from participants.
REFERENCES
(1) Cantelli M, Ferrillo M, Donnarumma M, Emanuele E, Fabbrocini G. A new proprietary gel containing
glabridin, andrographolide, and apolactoferrin improves the appearance of epidermal melasma in adult
women: A 6-month pilot, uncontrolled open-label study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 19(6):1395–1398.
doi:10.1111/jocd.13161
(2) McKesey J, Tovar-Garza A, Pandya AG. Melasma treatment: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin
Dermatol. 2020 21(2):173–225. doi:10.1007/s40257-019-00488-w
(3) Rendon MI, Berson DS, Cohen JL, Roberts WE, Starker I, Wang B. Evidence and considerations in
the application of chemical peels in skin disorders and aesthetic resurfacing. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol.
2010 3(7):32–43.
(4) Desmedt B, Courselle P, De Beer JO, et al. Overview of skin whitening agents with an insight into
the illegal cosmetic market in Europe. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 30(6):943–950. doi:10.1111/
jdv.13595
(5) Gillbro JM, Olsson MJJ. The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents—existing and
new approaches. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2011 33(3):210–221. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00616.x
(6) McCormack D, McFadden D. Pterostilbene and Cancer: Current Review. J Surg Res. 2012 173(2):e53–
e61. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2011.09.054
(7) Ammon H, Wahl M. Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta Med. 1991 57(1):1–7. doi:10.1055/s-
2006-960004
(8) Thiyagarasaiyar K, Goh BH, Jeon YJ, Yow YY. Algae metabolites in cosmeceutical: an overview of
current applications and challenges. Mar Drugs. 2020 18(6). doi:10.3390/md18060323
(9) Masum MN, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. Tyrosinase inhibitors from natural and synthetic sources as
skin-lightening agents. Rev Agric Sci. 2019 7:41–58.
(10) Huang HL, Hsieh MJ, Chien MH, Chen HY, Yang SF, Hsiao PC Glabridin mediate Caspases activation
and induces apoptosis through JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathway in human promyelocytic leukemia
cells. PLOS ONE. 2014 9(6):e98943. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098943
(11) Chen J, Yu X, Huang Y. Inhibitory mechanisms of glabridin on tyrosinase. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol
Spectrosc. 2016 168:111–117. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2016.06.008
(12) Sarkar R, Arora P, Garg KV. Cosmeceuticals for hyperpigmentation: what is available? J Cutan Aesthet
Surg. 2013 6(1):4–11. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.110089
(13) Simmler C, Pauli GF, Chen SN. Phytochemistry and biological properties of glabridin. Fitoterapia.
2013 90:160–184. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2013.07.003
(14) Nakamura M, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Krutmann J, Morita AJED. Alternative test models for skin
ageing research. Exp Dermatol. 2018 27(5):495–500. doi:10.1111/exd.13519
(15) Victor FC, Gelber J, Rao B. Melasma: a review. J Cutan Med Surg. 2004 8(2):97–102. doi:10.1007/
s10227-004-0158-9
(16) Torok HM, Jones T, Rich P, Smith S, Tschen E. Hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, Flucinoloneacetonide
0.01%: A safe and efficacious 12-month treatment for melasma. Cutis. 2005 75(1):57–62.
(17) Yokota T, Nishio H, Kubota Y, Mizoguchi M. The inhibitory effect of glabridin from licorice extracts
on melanogenesis and inflammation. Pigment Cell Res. 1998 11(6):355–361. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1998.
tb00494.x
ETHICAL APPROVAL
The safety test was carried out in Osmum Biological Co., Ltd, Huzhou, China. Before
the study, each of the participants signed a copy of the informed consent. The protocol of
the 24-hour patch test passed review by the Ethical Commission of Osmum Biological
Co., Ltd. The 56-day clinical research was carried out in SGS Testing Center, Shanghai,
China. The research protocol was examined and approved by the SGS Ethics Committee
for Clinical Research. Benefits, risks, and potential complications were explained to the
subjects, and informed written consent was obtained from participants.
REFERENCES
(1) Cantelli M, Ferrillo M, Donnarumma M, Emanuele E, Fabbrocini G. A new proprietary gel containing
glabridin, andrographolide, and apolactoferrin improves the appearance of epidermal melasma in adult
women: A 6-month pilot, uncontrolled open-label study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 19(6):1395–1398.
doi:10.1111/jocd.13161
(2) McKesey J, Tovar-Garza A, Pandya AG. Melasma treatment: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin
Dermatol. 2020 21(2):173–225. doi:10.1007/s40257-019-00488-w
(3) Rendon MI, Berson DS, Cohen JL, Roberts WE, Starker I, Wang B. Evidence and considerations in
the application of chemical peels in skin disorders and aesthetic resurfacing. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol.
2010 3(7):32–43.
(4) Desmedt B, Courselle P, De Beer JO, et al. Overview of skin whitening agents with an insight into
the illegal cosmetic market in Europe. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016 30(6):943–950. doi:10.1111/
jdv.13595
(5) Gillbro JM, Olsson MJJ. The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents—existing and
new approaches. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2011 33(3):210–221. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00616.x
(6) McCormack D, McFadden D. Pterostilbene and Cancer: Current Review. J Surg Res. 2012 173(2):e53–
e61. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2011.09.054
(7) Ammon H, Wahl M. Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta Med. 1991 57(1):1–7. doi:10.1055/s-
2006-960004
(8) Thiyagarasaiyar K, Goh BH, Jeon YJ, Yow YY. Algae metabolites in cosmeceutical: an overview of
current applications and challenges. Mar Drugs. 2020 18(6). doi:10.3390/md18060323
(9) Masum MN, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. Tyrosinase inhibitors from natural and synthetic sources as
skin-lightening agents. Rev Agric Sci. 2019 7:41–58.
(10) Huang HL, Hsieh MJ, Chien MH, Chen HY, Yang SF, Hsiao PC Glabridin mediate Caspases activation
and induces apoptosis through JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathway in human promyelocytic leukemia
cells. PLOS ONE. 2014 9(6):e98943. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098943
(11) Chen J, Yu X, Huang Y. Inhibitory mechanisms of glabridin on tyrosinase. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol
Spectrosc. 2016 168:111–117. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2016.06.008
(12) Sarkar R, Arora P, Garg KV. Cosmeceuticals for hyperpigmentation: what is available? J Cutan Aesthet
Surg. 2013 6(1):4–11. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.110089
(13) Simmler C, Pauli GF, Chen SN. Phytochemistry and biological properties of glabridin. Fitoterapia.
2013 90:160–184. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2013.07.003
(14) Nakamura M, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Krutmann J, Morita AJED. Alternative test models for skin
ageing research. Exp Dermatol. 2018 27(5):495–500. doi:10.1111/exd.13519
(15) Victor FC, Gelber J, Rao B. Melasma: a review. J Cutan Med Surg. 2004 8(2):97–102. doi:10.1007/
s10227-004-0158-9
(16) Torok HM, Jones T, Rich P, Smith S, Tschen E. Hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, Flucinoloneacetonide
0.01%: A safe and efficacious 12-month treatment for melasma. Cutis. 2005 75(1):57–62.
(17) Yokota T, Nishio H, Kubota Y, Mizoguchi M. The inhibitory effect of glabridin from licorice extracts
on melanogenesis and inflammation. Pigment Cell Res. 1998 11(6):355–361. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0749.1998.
tb00494.x
