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j. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 47, 129-155 (May/June 1996) Broad-spectrum sunscreens with UVAI and UVA II absorbers provide increased protection against solar-simulating radiation-induced dermal damage in hairless mice LORRAINE H. KLIGMAN, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6142, PATRICIA P. AGIN, Research and Development, Schering-Plough Health Care Products, 3030Jackson Avenue, Memphis, TN 38151, and ROBERT M. SAYRE, Rapid Precision Testing Laboratory, Cordova, TN 38018-1342. Accepted jSr publication June 19, 1996. Synopsis Previous experiments designed to examine sunscreen protection against chronic UV radiation-induced skin damage in hairless mice have used radiation sources emitting mainly UVB or UVA radiation. Because humans are exposed to full-spectrum solar radiation, we were interested in examining the efficacy of three sunscreens, with increasing spectral absorption into the UVA range, against chronic solar-simulating radiation (SSR). Three groups of hairless mice received a cumulative SSR dose of 10 and 16 times a previously determined minimal photoaging dose (MPD) over periods of 18 and 30 weeks. Each twice- weekly exposure was designed to equal the SPF value of the first sunscreen, an SPF-7 sunscreen containing the UVB absorber octyl methoxycinnamate. The second sunscreen, in addition to the UVB absorber, contained a UVA II absorber (oxybenzone) and had an SPF of 16. The third, with an SPF of 18, contained the UVB and UVA II absorbers plus a UVA I absorber (avobenzone). These conditions allowed assessment of the effects of UVB and UVA radiation that are normally transmitted through all sunscreens. Although none of the sunscreen-treated mice developed erythema, considerable dermal matrix damage occurred in the SPF-7 group, with greater damage at 16 MPD than at 10 MPD. The SPF-16 sunscreen allowed less but clearly recognizable damage at both dose points. The SPF-18 sunscreen with the broadest spectral absorp- tion provided the greatest protection. These results support the need for high-SPF broad-spectrum sun- screen protection that includes the entire UVA spectrum to reduce photodamage that results from chronic exposure to sunlight. INTRODUCTION The hairless mouse has proved a useful model for demonstrating the protective effect of sunscreens against the diverse consequences of chronic ultraviolet radiation. For exam- ple, sunscreens with high sun protection factors (SPF) have been shown to prevent UVB-induced photocarcinogenesis (1,2) and the dermal connective tissue damage char- 129